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The Positive Brain - Resting State Functional Connectivity in Highly Vital and Flourishing Individuals.

ABSTRACT: The World Health Organization has defined health as "complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" (World Health Organization, 1948). An increasing number of studies have therefore started to investigate "the good life." However, the underlying variation in brain activity has rarely been examined. The goal of this study was to assess differences in resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) between regular healthy individuals and healthy individuals with a high occurrence of flourishing and subjective vitality. Together, flourishing, a broad measure of psycho-social functioning and subjective vitality, an organismic marker of subjective well-being comprise the phenomenological opposite of a major depressive disorder. Out of a group of 43 participants, 20 high-flourishing (highFl) and 18 high-vital (highSV) individuals underwent a 7-min resting state period, where cortical activity in posterior brain areas was assessed using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Network-based statistics (NBS) of FC yielded significantly different FC patterns for the highFl and highSV individuals compared to their healthy comparison group. The networks converged at areas of the posterior default mode network and differed in hub nodes in the left middle temporal/fusiform gyrus (flourishing) and the left primary/secondary somatosensory cortex (subjective vitality). The attained networks are discussed with regard to recent neuroscientific findings for other well-being measures and potential mechanisms of action based on social information processing and body-related self-perception.

SUBMITTER: Goldbeck F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6339902 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Positive Brain - Resting State Functional Connectivity in Highly Vital and Flourishing Individuals.

Goldbeck Florens F Haipt Alina A Rosenbaum David D Rohe Tim T Fallgatter Andreas J AJ Hautzinger Martin M Ehlis Ann-Christine AC

Frontiers in human neuroscience 20190114

The World Health Organization has defined health as "complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" (World Health Organization, 1948). An increasing number of studies have therefore started to investigate "the good life." However, the underlying variation in brain activity has rarely been examined. The goal of this study was to assess differences in resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) between regular healthy individuals and healthy in ...[more]

PMID: 30692922

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Project description:Aims Currently, there are only a few studies concerning brain functional alterations after acute alcohol exposure, and the majority of existing studies attach more importance to the spatial properties of brain function without considering the temporal properties. The current study adopted sliding window to investigate the resting-state brain networks in healthy volunteers after acute alcohol intake and to explore the dynamic changes in network connectivity. Materials and methods Twenty healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) data prior to drinking were obtained as control, while that 0.5 and 1 h after drinking were obtained as the experimental group. Reoccurring functional connectivity patterns (states) were determined following group independent component analysis (ICA), sliding window analysis and k-means clustering. Between-group comparisons were performed with respect to the functional connectivity states fractional windows, mean dwell time, and the number of transitions. Results Three optimal functional connectivity states were identified. The fractional windows and mean dwell time of 0.5 h group and 1 h group increased in state 3, while the fraction window and mean dwell time of 1 h group decreased in state 1. State 1 is characterized by strong inter-network connections between basal ganglia network (BGN) and sensorimotor network (SMN), BGN and cognitive executive network (CEN), and default mode network (DMN) and visual network (VN). However, state 3 is distinguished by relatively weak intra-network connections in SMN, VN, CEN, and DMN. State 3 was thought to be a characteristic connectivity pattern of the drunk brain. State 1 was believed to represent the brain’s main connection pattern when awake. Such dynamic changes in brain network connectivity were consistent with participants’ subjective feelings after drinking. Conclusion The current study reveals the dynamic change in resting-state brain functional network connectivity before and after acute alcohol intake. It was discovered that there might be relatively independent characteristic functional network connection patterns under intoxication, and the corresponding patterns characterize the clinical manifestations of volunteers. As a valuable imaging biomarker, dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) offers a new approach and basis for further explorations on brain network alterations after alcohol consumption and the alcohol-related mechanisms for neurological damage.

Dataset Information

The Positive Brain - Resting State Functional Connectivity in Highly Vital and Flourishing Individuals.

Publications

The Positive Brain - Resting State Functional Connectivity in Highly Vital and Flourishing Individuals.

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