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Bisphenol-A induced oxidative stress, inflammatory gene expression, and metabolic and histopathological changes in male Wistar albino rats: protective role of boron.

ABSTRACT: Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most produced chemicals in the world and has been widely employed in the food industry. Continuous and widespread exposure to BPA through drinking water and food leads to health concerns for humans. This study evaluated the effects of boron (B) on BPA-mediated oxidative stress in male Wistar albino rats. Rats were equally divided into 5 groups; corn oil was given orally to the control group; 25 mg kg^-1 of BPA dissolved in corn oil was given orally to the second group. All other groups received the same dose of BPA and different doses of B (5, 10, and 20 mg kg^-1 per day, respectively) orally for 30 days. The administration of BPA significantly decreased glutathione levels and increased malondialdehyde levels in rat tissues. Furthermore, BPA treatment reduced the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in tissues and erythrocytes. Also, mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the brain, liver, and testes of rats were augmented, whereas IL-10 was decreased with BPA treatment. Besides, BPA treatment adversely altered biochemical parameters and caused damage to the cell integrity of rat tissues. However, B administration reversed BPA-induced alterations in rat tissues in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, B exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and regulated metabolic and histopathological alterations in male Wistar albino rats exposed to BPA.

SUBMITTER: Acaroz U

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6425992 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Mushrooms are nutritious foods that are widely cultivated all over the world. They are rich in a range of compounds linked to improving functions of the immune system including carotenoids, alkaloids, lectins, enzymes, folates, fats, organic acids, minerals, polysaccharides, phenolics, proteins, tocopherols, terpenoids, and volatile compounds. In this study we investigated, the immunomodulatory activity in rats of the aqueous extracts of five of the most common edible mushrooms belonging to Family Basidiomycota-white-rot fungi including, Lentinula edodes, Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus columbinus, and Pleurotus sajor-caju. Male Wistar albino rats were assigned to thirteen groups and Immunosuppression was induced by oral administration of dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg), followed by oral administration of the mushroom extracts at low (200 mg/kg) and high (400 mg/kg) doses. A positive control group received the immune stimulant Echinacea extract Immulant® at (30 mg/kg), while the negative control group received only saline. From each animal, in each group, blood samples were collected after 15 days for complete blood counts and for measurement of immunologic parameters, including lysozyme activity, nitric oxide (NO) production and serum cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) levels. Results have shown that white blood cells (WBCs) and lymphocytic counts were significantly boosted by high doses of each of the five mushroom extracts (207-289% increase for WBC and 153-175% for lymphocytes) with a significant increase in lysozyme activity (110-136% increase), NO concentration (159-232% increase) and cytokines as compared to the negative control group. Histopathological examination of the rats' spleen and thymus tissues has shown marked lymphocytic proliferation that was more obvious at the higher doses. In conclusion, our results showed that the five edible mushroom extracts revealed significant immunostimulatory effects preclinically particularly, at the higher doses (400 mg/kg) which can be considered the effective dose.

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Bisphenol-A induced oxidative stress, inflammatory gene expression, and metabolic and histopathological changes in male Wistar albino rats: protective role of boron.

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