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Dietary Arginine Regulates Severity of Experimental Colitis and Affects the Colonic Microbiome.

ABSTRACT: There is great interest in safe and effective alternative therapies that could benefit patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). L-arginine (Arg) is a semi-essential amino acid with a variety of physiological effects. In this context, our aim was to investigate the role of dietary Arg in experimental colitis. We used two models of colitis in C57BL/6 mice, the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of injury and repair, and Citrobacter rodentium infection. Animals were given diets containing (1) no Arg (Arg0), 6.4 g/kg (ArgNL), or 24.6 g/kg Arg (ArgHIGH); or (2) the amino acids downstream of Arg: 28 g/kg L-ornithine (OrnHIGH) or 72 g/kg L-proline (ProHIGH). Mice with DSS colitis receiving the ArgHIGH diet had increased levels of Arg, Orn, and Pro in the colon and improved body weight loss, colon length shortening, and histological injury compared to ArgNL and Arg0 diets. Histology was improved in the ArgNL vs. Arg0 group. OrnHIGH or ProHIGH diets did not provide protection. Reduction in colitis with ArgHIGH diet also occurred in C. rodentium-infected mice. Diversity of the intestinal microbiota was significantly enhanced in mice on the ArgHIGH diet compared to the ArgNL or Arg0 diets, with increased abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreased Verrucomicrobia. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of Arg is protective in colitis models. This may occur by restoring overall microbial diversity and Bacteroidetes prevalence. Our data provide a rationale for Arg as an adjunctive therapy in IBD.

SUBMITTER: Singh K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6443829 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dietary Arginine Regulates Severity of Experimental Colitis and Affects the Colonic Microbiome.

Singh Kshipra K Gobert Alain P AP Coburn Lori A LA Barry Daniel P DP Allaman Margaret M Asim Mohammad M Luis Paula B PB Schneider Claus C Milne Ginger L GL Boone Helen H HH Shilts Meghan H MH Washington M Kay MK Das Suman R SR Piazuelo M Blanca MB Wilson Keith T KT

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 20190326

There is great interest in safe and effective alternative therapies that could benefit patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). L-arginine (Arg) is a semi-essential amino acid with a variety of physiological effects. In this context, our aim was to investigate the role of dietary Arg in experimental colitis. We used two models of colitis in C57BL/6 mice, the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of injury and repair, and <i>Citrobacter rodentium</i> infection. Animals were given diets conta ...[more]

PMID: 30972302

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Project description:BackgroundDespite tremendous interest in modulating the microbiome to improve health, the association between diet and the colonic mucosa-associated gut microbiome in healthy individuals has not been examined.ObjectiveTo investigate the associations between Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2005 and the colonic mucosa-associated microbiota.MethodsIn this cross-sectional observational study, we analyzed bacterial community composition and structure using 16S rRNA gene (V4 region) sequencing of 97 colonic mucosal biopsies obtained endoscopically from different colon segments of 34 polyp-free participants. Dietary consumption was ascertained using an FFQ. Differences in α- and β-diversity and taxonomic relative abundances between the higher and lower score of total HEI and its components were compared, followed by multivariable analyses.ResultsThe structure of the microbiota significantly differed by the scores for total HEI, total and whole fruits (HEI 1 and HEI 2), whole grains (HEI 6), milk products and soy beverages (HEI 7), and solid fat, alcohol, and added sugar (HEI 12). A lower score for total HEI and HEIs 2, 7, and 12 was associated with significantly lower richness. A lower score for total HEI was associated with significantly reduced relative abundance of Parabacteroides, Roseburia, and Subdoligranulum but higher Fusobacterium. A lower score for HEI 2 was associated with lower Roseburia but higher Bacteroides. A lower score for HEI 7 was associated with lower Faecalibacterium and Fusobacterium but higher Bacteroides. A lower score for HEI 12 was associated with lower Subdoligranulum but higher Escherichia and Fusobacterium (false discovery rate-adjusted P values <0.05). The findings were confirmed by multivariate analysis. Less abundant bacteria such as Alistipes, Odoribacter, Bilophila, and Tyzzerella were also associated with dietary quality.ConclusionsA lower score for total HEI-2005 was significantly associated with reduced relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria but increased potentially harmful bacteria in the colonic mucosa of endoscopically normal individuals.

Dataset Information

Dietary Arginine Regulates Severity of Experimental Colitis and Affects the Colonic Microbiome.

Publications

Dietary Arginine Regulates Severity of Experimental Colitis and Affects the Colonic Microbiome.

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