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A Simple ?-PTV Setup to Estimate Single-Particle Charge of Triboelectrically Charged Particles.

ABSTRACT: Triboelectric separation is a useful phenomenon that can be used to separate fine powders. To design technical devices or evaluate the potential of powders to be triboelectrically separated, knowledge about the charge distribution on a single-particle level has to be obtained. To estimate the single-particle charge distribution in an application-oriented way, a simple ?-PTV system was developed. The designed setup consists of a dispersing and a charging unit using a Venturi nozzle and a tube, respectively, followed by a separation chamber. In the separation chamber, a homogenous electrical field leads to a deflection of the particles according to their individual charge. The trajectories of the particles are captured on single frames using microscope optics and a high-speed camera with a defined exposure time. The particles are illuminated using a laser beam combined with a cylindrical lens. The captured images enable simultaneous measurement of positively and negatively charged particles. The charge is calculated assuming a mean particle mass derived from the mean particle size. Initial experiments were carried out using starch of different botanical origins and protein powder. Single-component experiments with starch powders show very different charge distributions for positively and negatively charged particles, whereas protein powder shows bipolar charging. Different starch-protein mixtures show similar patterns for positive and negative charge distributions.

SUBMITTER: Landauer J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6514107 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Simple μ-PTV Setup to Estimate Single-Particle Charge of Triboelectrically Charged Particles.

Landauer Johann J Tauwald Sandra Melina SM Foerst Petra P

Frontiers in chemistry 20190507

Triboelectric separation is a useful phenomenon that can be used to separate fine powders. To design technical devices or evaluate the potential of powders to be triboelectrically separated, knowledge about the charge distribution on a single-particle level has to be obtained. To estimate the single-particle charge distribution in an application-oriented way, a simple μ-PTV system was developed. The designed setup consists of a dispersing and a charging unit using a Venturi nozzle and a tube, re ...[more]

PMID: 31134190

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Project description:PurposeThis study aimed to analyze the effect of body mass factors (BMFs) on setup errors in gynecologic tumors, and whether the planned tumor volumes (PTVs) are adequate for obese patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 46 consecutive female patients with gynecologic tumors who were treated with volumetric modulated arc therapy. Setup accuracy was verified using daily cone beam computed tomography. Accuracy was determined for each fraction by testing 2 different PTVs (cutoff I = ≤0.7 cm; cutoff II = ≤1.0 cm). A pooled analysis was conducted to test the association between accuracy levels (within vs beyond PTV) and the mean and variance of body mass index (BMI), umbilical (UC), and hip circumference (HC). A receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was carried out to test the sensitivity of BMI, UC, and HC in predicting inaccurate setup.ResultsA significant association between BMFs and level of accuracy was observed in the lateral and vertical directions, but not in the longitudinal direction. In the lateral direction, inaccurate setups were associated with a greater BMI (mean difference: ∼3.50 kg/m2; P = .001), UC (∼10 cm), and HC (∼8 cm) compared with accurate setups (P < .001). With respect to the vertical direction, inaccurate setups (>0.7 cm margin [cutoff I]) were associated with a greater BMI (mean difference = 7.4 kg/m2; P = .001), UC (5.3 cm; P < .001), and HC (16.0 cm; P < .001) with reference to accurate setups. The receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed that a BMI >31.4 kg/m2 was predictive for inaccurate setup in the vertical direction with 90.0% sensitivity with respect to cutoff I. Furthermore, a BMI >30.3 kg/m2 was predictive for inaccurate setup in the lateral direction with 92.5% sensitivity with respect to cutoff II.ConclusionsThe accuracy of radiation therapy setups for gynecologic tumors is highly sensitive to patients' BMI, notably in the lateral and vertical directions. We suggest that daily cone beam computed tomography should be applied on patients with a BMI >30.3 kg/m2, using customized protocols that are lower in dose and comparable in image quality.

Dataset Information

A Simple ?-PTV Setup to Estimate Single-Particle Charge of Triboelectrically Charged Particles.

Publications

A Simple μ-PTV Setup to Estimate Single-Particle Charge of Triboelectrically Charged Particles.

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