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ALBA protein complex reads genic R-loops to maintain genome stability in Arabidopsis.

ABSTRACT: The R-loop, composed of a DNA-RNA hybrid and the displaced single-stranded DNA, regulates diverse cellular processes. However, how cellular R-loops are recognized remains poorly understood. Here, we report the discovery of the evolutionally conserved ALBA proteins (AtALBA1 and AtALBA2) functioning as the genic R-loop readers in Arabidopsis. While AtALBA1 binds to the DNA-RNA hybrid, AtALBA2 associates with single-stranded DNA in the R-loops in vitro. In vivo, these two proteins interact and colocalize in the nucleus, where they preferentially bind to genic regions with active epigenetic marks in an R-loop-dependent manner. Depletion of AtALBA1 or AtALBA2 results in hypersensitivity of plants to DNA damaging agents. The formation of DNA breaks in alba mutants originates from unprotected R-loops. Our results reveal that the AtALBA1 and AtALBA2 protein complex is the genic R-loop reader crucial for genome stability in Arabidopsis.

SUBMITTER: Yuan W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6520018 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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ALBA protein complex reads genic R-loops to maintain genome stability in <i>Arabidopsis</i>.

Yuan Wei W Zhou Jincong J Tong Jinjin J Zhuo Wanqing W Wang Lishuan L Li Yan Y Sun Qianwen Q Qian Weiqiang W

Science advances 20190515 5

The R-loop, composed of a DNA-RNA hybrid and the displaced single-stranded DNA, regulates diverse cellular processes. However, how cellular R-loops are recognized remains poorly understood. Here, we report the discovery of the evolutionally conserved ALBA proteins (AtALBA1 and AtALBA2) functioning as the genic R-loop readers in <i>Arabidopsis</i>. While AtALBA1 binds to the DNA-RNA hybrid, AtALBA2 associates with single-stranded DNA in the R-loops in vitro. In vivo, these two proteins interact a ...[more]

PMID: 31106272

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ALBA protein complex reads genic R-loops to maintain genome stability in Arabidopsis

Project description:The R-loop, composed of a DNA-RNA hybrid and the displaced single-stranded DNA, regulates diverse cellular processes. However, how cellular R-loops are sensed remain poorly understood. Here we report the discovery of the evolutionally conserved ALBA proteins (AtALBA1&2) functioning as the R-loops sensor of genic regions in higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana. AtALBA1 and 2 form a heterodimer protein complex and localize in the nucleus. While AtALBA1 binds to the DNA-RNA hybrid strand, AtALBA2 associates with single-stranded DNA in the R-loops. AtALBA1&2 preferentially binds to the genic R-loop regions that are associated with active epigenetic marks. Depletion of AtALBA1 or AtALBA2 results in hypersensitivity of plants to DNA damaging agents. Our results demonstrate the AtALBA1&2 protein complex is the Arabidopsis genic R-loops sensor for maintaining genome stability in Arabidopsis.

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