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Rapid phenotyping of cancer stem cells using multichannel nanosensor arrays.

ABSTRACT: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to multidrug resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis, making them prime therapeutic targets. Their ability to differentiate and lose stem cell properties makes them challenging to study. Currently, there is no simple assay that can quickly capture and trace the dynamic phenotypic changes on the CSC surface. Here, we report rapid discrimination of breast CSCs from non-CSCs using a nanoparticle-fluorescent-protein based sensor. This nanosensor was employed to discriminate CSCs from non-CSCs, as well as CSCs that had differentiated in vitro in two breast cancer models. Importantly, the sensor platform could also discriminate CSCs from the bulk population of cells in patient-derived xenografts of human breast cancer. Taken together, the results obtained demonstrate the feasibility of using the nanosensor to phenotype CSCs and monitor their fate. Furthermore, this approach provides a novel area for therapeutic interventions against these challenging targets.

SUBMITTER: Geng Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6535092 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rapid phenotyping of cancer stem cells using multichannel nanosensor arrays.

Geng Yingying Y Goel Hira L HL Le Ngoc B NB Yoshii Tatsuyuki T Mout Rubul R Tonga Gulen Y GY Amante John J JJ Mercurio Arthur M AM Rotello Vincent M VM

Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine 20180517 6

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to multidrug resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis, making them prime therapeutic targets. Their ability to differentiate and lose stem cell properties makes them challenging to study. Currently, there is no simple assay that can quickly capture and trace the dynamic phenotypic changes on the CSC surface. Here, we report rapid discrimination of breast CSCs from non-CSCs using a nanoparticle-fluorescent-protein based sensor. This nanosensor was employed t ...[more]

PMID: 29778888

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Project description:PurposeMultichannel Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (mTMS) arrays enable multiple sites to be stimulated simultaneously or sequentially under electronic control without moving the system's stimulation coils. Here, we build and characterize the performance of a novel modular 3-axis TMS coil that can be utilized as a unit element in large-scale multichannel TMS arrays.MethodsWe determined the basic physical characteristics of the 3-axis TMS coil x-, y- and z-elements using a custom 2-channel programmable stimulator prototype. We mapped the temporal rate-of-change of the induced magnetic field (dB/dt) on a 2D plane parallel to the coil surface (including an extended line for full spatial coverage) and compared those values with predictions from magnetic field simulations. Temperature measurements were carried out to assess the incorporated air-cooling method. We measured the mutual and self-inductances of the x/y/z-elements to assess coupling between them. Additionally, we measured and calculated the coupling between z-elements in the array configuration. Finally, we performed electric field simulations to evaluate the stimulation intensity and focality of the coil and compared the results to conventional TMS coils as well as demonstrated suitability of the 3-axis coil for a multichannel array configuration.ResultsThe experimentally obtained dB/dt values validated the computational model of the 3-axis coil and therefore confirmed that both the coil and stimulator system are operating as intended. The air-cooling system was effective for brief high-frequency pulse trains and extended single- and paired-pulse TMS protocols. The electromagnetic simulations suggested that an array of the 3-axis coils would have comparable stimulation intensity to conventional TMS coils, therefore enabling clearly suprathreshold stimulation of the human brain. The recorded coil coupling between the x/y/z-elements was < 1% and the maximal coupling between z-elements in the array configuration was 1.8% and 3.4% for the measured and calculated values, respectively.ConclusionWe presented a 3-axis coil intended for multichannel TMS arrays. The electromagnetic measurements and simulations verified that the coil fabrication met the desired specifications and that the inductive coupling between the elements was negligible. The air-cooled 3-axis TMS coil appears suitable to be used as an element in multichannel TMS arrays.

Dataset Information

Rapid phenotyping of cancer stem cells using multichannel nanosensor arrays.

Publications

Rapid phenotyping of cancer stem cells using multichannel nanosensor arrays.

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