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Brain volumes and cortical thickness on MRI in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER).

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) was a multicenter randomized controlled trial that reported beneficial effects on cognition for a 2-year multimodal intervention (diet, exercise, cognitive training, vascular risk monitoring) versus control (general health advice). This study reports exploratory analyses of brain MRI measures. METHODS:FINGER targeted 1260 older individuals from the general Finnish population. Participants were 60-77?years old, at increased risk for dementia but without dementia/substantial cognitive impairment. Brain MRI scans were available for 132 participants (68 intervention, 64 control) at baseline and 112 participants (59 intervention, 53 control) at 2?years. MRI measures included regional brain volumes, cortical thickness, and white matter lesion (WML) volume. Cognition was assessed at baseline and 1- and 2-year visits using a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery. We investigated the (1) differences between the intervention and control groups in change in MRI outcomes (FreeSurfer 5.3) and (2) post hoc sub-group analyses of intervention effects on cognition in participants with more versus less pronounced structural brain changes at baseline (mixed-effects regression models, Stata 12). RESULTS:No significant differences between the intervention and control groups were found on the changes in MRI measures. Beneficial intervention effects on processing speed were more pronounced in individuals with higher baseline cortical thickness in Alzheimer's disease signature areas (composite measure of entorhinal, inferior and middle temporal, and fusiform regions). The randomization group?×?time?×?cortical thickness interaction coefficient was 0.198 (p?=?0.021). A similar trend was observed for higher hippocampal volume (group?×?time?×?hippocampus volume interaction coefficient 0.1149, p?=?0.085). CONCLUSIONS:The FINGER MRI exploratory sub-study did not show significant differences between the intervention and control groups on changes in regional brain volumes, regional cortical thicknesses, or WML volume after 2?years in at-risk elderly without substantial impairment. The cognitive benefits on processing speed of the FINGER intervention may be more pronounced in individuals with fewer structural brain changes on MRI at baseline. This suggests that preventive strategies may be more effective if started early, before the occurrence of more pronounced structural brain changes. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01041989 . Registered January 5, 2010.

SUBMITTER: Stephen R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6549301 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Brain volumes and cortical thickness on MRI in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER).

Stephen Ruth R Liu Yawu Y Ngandu Tiia T Antikainen Riitta R Hulkkonen Juha J Koikkalainen Juha J Kemppainen Nina N Lötjönen Jyrki J Levälahti Esko E Parkkola Riitta R Pippola Pauliina P Rinne Juha J Strandberg Timo T Tuomilehto Jaakko J Vanninen Ritva R Kivipelto Miia M Soininen Hilkka H Solomon Alina A

Alzheimer's research & therapy 20190604 1

<h4>Background</h4>The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) was a multicenter randomized controlled trial that reported beneficial effects on cognition for a 2-year multimodal intervention (diet, exercise, cognitive training, vascular risk monitoring) versus control (general health advice). This study reports exploratory analyses of brain MRI measures.<h4>Methods</h4>FINGER targeted 1260 older individuals from the general Finnish population ...[more]

PMID: 31164160

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Project description:BackgroundPrevious quantitative synthetic MRI of the brain has been solely performed in 2D.PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility of the recently developed sequence 3D-QALAS for brain cortical thickness and volumetric analysis.Study typeReproducibility/repeatability study.SubjectsTwenty-one healthy volunteers (35.6 ± 13.8 years).Field strength/sequence3D T1 -weighted fast spoiled gradient recalled echo (FSPGR) sequence was performed once, and 3D-QALAS sequence was performed twice with a 3T scanner.AssessmentFreeSurfer and FIRST were used to measure cortical thickness and volume of subcortical structures, respectively. Agreement with FSPGR and scan-rescan repeatability were evaluated for 3D-QALAS.Statistical testsPercent relative difference and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to assess reproducibility and scan-rescan repeatability of the 3D-QALAS sequence-derived measurements.ResultsPercent relative difference compared with FSPGR in cortical thickness of the whole cortex was 3.1%, and 89% of the regional areas showed less than 10% relative difference in cortical thickness. The mean ICC across all regions was 0.65, and 74% of the structures showed substantial to almost perfect agreement. For volumes of subcortical structures, the median percent relative differences were lower than 10% across all subcortical structures, except for the accumbens area, and all structures showed ICCs of substantial to almost perfect agreement. For the scan-rescan test, percent relative difference in cortical thickness of the whole cortex was 2.3%, and 97% of the regional areas showed less than 10% relative difference in cortical thickness. The mean ICC across all regions was 0.73, and 80% showed substantial to almost perfect agreement. For volumes of subcortical structures, relative differences were less than 10% across all subcortical structures except for the accumbens area, and all structures showed ICCs of substantial to almost perfect agreement.Data conclusion3D-QALAS could be reliably used for measuring cortical thickness and subcortical volumes in most brain regions.Level of evidence3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1834-1842.

Project description:Structural neuroimaging studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have typically reported reduced cortical thickness (CT) and gray matter volume (GMV) in subcortical structures and networks involved in memory retrieval, emotional processing and regulation, and fear acquisition and extinction. Although PTSD is more common in women, and interpersonal violence (IPV) exposure is a more potent risk factor for developing PTSD relative to other forms of trauma, most of the existing literature examined combat-exposed men with PTSD. Vertex-wise CT and subcortical GMV analyses were conducted to examine potential differences in a large, well-characterized sample of women with PTSD stemming from IPV-exposure (n = 99) compared to healthy trauma-free women without a diagnosis of PTSD (n = 22). Subgroup analyses were also conducted to determine whether symptom severity within specific PTSD symptom clusters (e.g., re-experiencing, active avoidance, hyperarousal) predict CT and GMV after controlling for comorbid depression and anxiety. Results indicated that a diagnosis of PTSD in women with IPV-exposure did not significantly predict differences in CT across the cortex or GMV in the amygdala or hippocampus compared to healthy controls. However, within the PTSD group, greater re-experiencing symptom severity was associated with decreased CT in the left inferior and middle temporal gyrus, and decreased CT in the right parahippocampal and medial temporal gyrus. In contrast, greater active avoidance symptom severity was associated with greater CT in the left lateral fissure, postcentral gyrus, and middle/lateral occipital cortex, and greater CT in the right paracentral, posterior cingulate, and superior occipital gyrus. In terms of GMV, greater hyperarousal symptom severity was associated with reduced left amygdala GMV, while greater active avoidance symptom severity was associated with greater right amygdala GMV. These findings suggest that structural brain alterations among women with IPV-related PTSD may be driven by symptom severity within specific symptom clusters and that PTSD symptom clusters may have a differential (increased or decreased) association with brain structures.

Dataset Information

Brain volumes and cortical thickness on MRI in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER).

Publications

Brain volumes and cortical thickness on MRI in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER).

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