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Contribution of Rare Copy Number Variants to Bipolar Disorder Risk Is Limited to Schizoaffective Cases.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Genetic risk for bipolar disorder (BD) is conferred through many common alleles, while a role for rare copy number variants (CNVs) is less clear. Subtypes of BD including schizoaffective disorder bipolar type (SAB), bipolar I disorder (BD I), and bipolar II disorder (BD II) differ according to the prominence and timing of psychosis, mania, and depression. The genetic factors contributing to the combination of symptoms among these subtypes are poorly understood. METHODS:Rare large CNVs were analyzed in 6353 BD cases (3833 BD I [2676 with psychosis, 850 without psychosis, and 307 with unknown psychosis history], 1436 BD II, 579 SAB, and 505 BD not otherwise specified) and 8656 controls. CNV burden and a polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia were used to evaluate the relative contributions of rare and common variants to risk of BD, BD subtypes, and psychosis. RESULTS:CNV burden did not differ between BD and controls when treated as a single diagnostic entity. However, burden in SAB was increased relative to controls (p = .001), BD I (p = .0003), and BD II (p = .0007). Burden and schizophrenia PRSs were increased in SAB compared with BD I with psychosis (CNV p = .0007, PRS p = .004), and BD I without psychosis (CNV p = .0004, PRS p = 3.9 × 10-5). Within BD I, psychosis was associated with increased schizophrenia PRSs (p = .005) but not CNV burden. CONCLUSIONS:CNV burden in BD is limited to SAB. Rare and common genetic variants may contribute differently to risk for psychosis and perhaps other classes of psychiatric symptoms.

SUBMITTER: Charney AW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6586545 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Contribution of Rare Copy Number Variants to Bipolar Disorder Risk Is Limited to Schizoaffective Cases.

Charney Alexander W AW Stahl Eli A EA Green Elaine K EK Chen Chia-Yen CY Moran Jennifer L JL Chambert Kimberly K Belliveau Richard A RA Forty Liz L Gordon-Smith Katherine K Lee Phil H PH Bromet Evelyn J EJ Buckley Peter F PF Escamilla Michael A MA Fanous Ayman H AH Fochtmann Laura J LJ Lehrer Douglas S DS Malaspina Dolores D Marder Stephen R SR Morley Christopher P CP Nicolini Humberto H Perkins Diana O DO Rakofsky Jeffrey J JJ Rapaport Mark H MH Medeiros Helena H Sobell Janet L JL Backlund Lena L Bergen Sarah E SE Juréus Anders A Schalling Martin M Lichtenstein Paul P Knowles James A JA Burdick Katherine E KE Jones Ian I Jones Lisa A LA Hultman Christina M CM Perlis Roy R Purcell Shaun M SM McCarroll Steven A SA Pato Carlos N CN Pato Michele T MT Di Florio Ariana A Craddock Nick N Landén Mikael M Smoller Jordan W JW Ruderfer Douglas M DM Sklar Pamela P

Biological psychiatry 20181220 2

<h4>Background</h4>Genetic risk for bipolar disorder (BD) is conferred through many common alleles, while a role for rare copy number variants (CNVs) is less clear. Subtypes of BD including schizoaffective disorder bipolar type (SAB), bipolar I disorder (BD I), and bipolar II disorder (BD II) differ according to the prominence and timing of psychosis, mania, and depression. The genetic factors contributing to the combination of symptoms among these subtypes are poorly understood.<h4>Methods</h4> ...[more]

PMID: 30686506

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Project description:While childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is more prevalent in males than females, genetic contributors to this effect have not been established. Here, we explore sex differences in the contribution of common and/or rare genetic variants to ADHD. Participants were from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study (N = 1253 youth meeting DSM-5 criteria for ADHD [mean age = 11.46 years [SD = 0.87]; 31% female] and 5577 unaffected individuals [mean age = 11.42 years [SD = 0.89]; 50% female], overall 66% White, non-Hispanic (WNH), 19% Black/African American, and 15% other races. Logistic regression tested for interactions between sex (defined genotypically) and both rare copy number variants (CNV) and polygenic (common variant) risk in association with ADHD. There was a significant interaction between sex and the presence of a CNV deletion larger than 200 kb, both in the entire cohort (β = -0.74, CI = [-1.27 to -0.20], FDR-corrected p = 0.048) and, at nominal significance levels in the WNH ancestry subcohort (β = -0.86, CI = [-1.51 to -0.20], p = 0.010). Additionally, the number of deleted genes interacted with sex in association with ADHD (whole cohort. β = -0.13, CI = [-0.23 to -0.029], FDR-corrected p = 0.048; WNH. β = -0.17, CI = [-0.29 to -0.050], FDR-corrected p = 0.044) as did the total length of CNV deletions (whole cohort. β = -0.12, CI = [-0.19 to -0.044], FDR-corrected p = 0.028; WNH. β = -0.17, CI = [-0.28 to -0.061], FDR-corrected p = 0.034). This sex effect was driven by increased odds of childhood ADHD for females but not males in the presence of CNV deletions. No similar sex effect was found for CNV duplications or polygenic risk scores. The association between CNV deletions and ADHD was partially mediated by measures of cognitive flexibility. In summary, CNV deletions were associated with increased odds for childhood ADHD in females, but not males.

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Contribution of Rare Copy Number Variants to Bipolar Disorder Risk Is Limited to Schizoaffective Cases.

Publications

Contribution of Rare Copy Number Variants to Bipolar Disorder Risk Is Limited to Schizoaffective Cases.

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