Dataset Information

A rapid smartphone-based lactate dehydrogenase test for neonatal diagnostics at the point of care.

ABSTRACT: There is a growing recognition of the importance of point-of-care tests (POCTs) for detecting critical neonatal illnesses to reduce the mortality rate in newborns, especially in low-income countries, which account for 98 percent of reported neonatal deaths. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a marker of cellular damage as a result of hypoxia-ischemia in affected organs. Here, we describe and test a POC LDH test direct from whole blood to provide early indication of serious illness in the neonate. The sample-in-result-out POC platform is specifically designed to meet the needs at resource-limited settings. Plasma is separated from whole blood on filter paper with dried-down reagents for colorimetric reaction, combined with software for analysis using a smartphone. The method was clinically tested in newborns in two different settings. In a clinical cohort of newborns of Stockholm (n?=?62) and Hanoi (n?=?26), the value of R using Pearson's correlation test was 0.91 (p?

SUBMITTER: Halvorsen CP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6595069 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A rapid smartphone-based lactate dehydrogenase test for neonatal diagnostics at the point of care.

Halvorsen Cecilia Pegelow CP Olson Linus L Araújo Ana Catarina AC Karlsson Mathias M Nguyễn Trang Thị TT Khu Dung T K DTK Le Ha T T HTT Nguyễn Hoa T B HTB Winbladh Birger B Russom Aman A

Scientific reports 20190626 1

There is a growing recognition of the importance of point-of-care tests (POCTs) for detecting critical neonatal illnesses to reduce the mortality rate in newborns, especially in low-income countries, which account for 98 percent of reported neonatal deaths. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a marker of cellular damage as a result of hypoxia-ischemia in affected organs. Here, we describe and test a POC LDH test direct from whole blood to provide early indication of serious illness in the neonate. Th ...[more]

PMID: 31243323

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Project description:Endoscopic technique is often applied for the diagnosis of diseases affecting internal organs and image-guidance of surgical procedures. Although the endoscope has become an indispensable tool in the clinic, its utility has been limited to medical offices or operating rooms because of the large size of its ancillary devices. In addition, the basic design and imaging capability of the system have remained relatively unchanged for decades.The objective of this study was to develop a smartphone-based endoscope system capable of advanced endoscopic functionalities in a compact size and at an affordable cost and to demonstrate its feasibility of point-of-care through human subject imaging.We developed and designed to set up a smartphone-based endoscope system, incorporating a portable light source, relay-lens, custom adapter, and homebuilt Android app. We attached three different types of existing rigid or flexible endoscopic probes to our system and captured the endoscopic images using the homebuilt app. Both smartphone-based endoscope system and commercialized clinical endoscope system were utilized to compare the imaging quality and performance. Connecting the head-mounted display (HMD) wirelessly, the smartphone-based endoscope system could superimpose an endoscopic image to real-world view.A total of 15 volunteers who were accepted into our study were captured using our smartphone-based endoscope system, as well as the commercialized clinical endoscope system. It was found that the imaging performance of our device had acceptable quality compared with that of the conventional endoscope system in the clinical setting. In addition, images captured from the HMD used in the smartphone-based endoscope system improved eye-hand coordination between the manipulating site and the smartphone screen, which in turn reduced spatial disorientation.The performance of our endoscope system was evaluated against a commercial system in routine otolaryngology examinations. We also demonstrated and evaluated the feasibility of conducting endoscopic procedures through a custom HMD.

Project description:BackgroundMozambique is a high-prevalence country for HIV and early detection of new HIV infections is crucial for control of the epidemic. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the 4th-generation rapid diagnostic test (RDT) AlereTM HIV Combo in detecting acute and seroconverted HIV-infection, among sexually-active women attending three clinical health centers in Maputo, Mozambique.MethodsWomen aged 14-55 years (n = 920) seeking care at the Mavalane Health Area, Maputo (February 2018-January 2019) were included, and blood specimens sampled. Sociodemographic and sexual behavior data were collected. Point-of-care HIV testing was performed using Alere DetermineTM HIV-1/2 and Uni-GoldTM HIV-1/2. All samples were also tested using Enzygnost® HIV Integral 4 and Innotest® HIV Antigen mAb in laboratory. The 4th-generation RDT AlereTM HIV Combo was evaluated on serum samples in the laboratory. Finally, Innotest® HIV Antigen mAb, Enzygnost® HIV Integral 4 (Ag/Ab), and HIV RNA quantification acted as gold standard assays in the evaluation of AlereTM HIV Combo test for HIV antigen detection (in clinical samples and in three HIV-1 seroconversion panels).ResultsThe antibody component of the 4th generation AlereTM HIV Combo RDT demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 100% examining clinical samples. However, the test did not detect HIV p24 antigen in any clinical samples, while Innotest® HIV Antigen mAb, verified by Enzygnost® HIV Integral 4 (Ag/Ab) and/or HIV RNA quantification, detected HIV antigen in six clinical samples. Furthermore, the AlereTM HIV Combo RDT had a low sensitivity in the detection of HIV p24 antigen in seroconversion panels. The HIV prevalence among the examined women was 17.8%.ConclusionsThe 4th-generation RDT AlereTM HIV Combo showed similar sensitivity to the 3rd-generation RDTs to detect seroconverted HIV-infections. However, the sensitivity for detection of HIV p24 antigen and diagnosing acute HIV infections, before seroconversion, was low. There is an urgent need to develop and evaluate simple and affordable POC tests with high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing individuals with acute HIV infection in resource-limited settings with high HIV prevalence.

Dataset Information

A rapid smartphone-based lactate dehydrogenase test for neonatal diagnostics at the point of care.

Publications

A rapid smartphone-based lactate dehydrogenase test for neonatal diagnostics at the point of care.

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