Dataset Information

Tissue Response to Neural Implants: The Use of Model Systems Toward New Design Solutions of Implantable Microelectrodes.

ABSTRACT: The development of implantable neuroelectrodes is advancing rapidly as these tools are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in clinical practice, especially for the treatment of traumatic and neurodegenerative disorders. Electrodes have been exploited in a wide number of neural interface devices, such as deep brain stimulation, which is one of the most successful therapies with proven efficacy in the treatment of diseases like Parkinson or epilepsy. However, one of the main caveats related to the clinical application of electrodes is the nervous tissue response at the injury site, characterized by a cascade of inflammatory events, which culminate in chronic inflammation, and, in turn, result in the failure of the implant over extended periods of time. To overcome current limitations of the most widespread macroelectrode based systems, new design strategies and the development of innovative materials with superior biocompatibility characteristics are currently being investigated. This review describes the current state of the art of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models available for the study of neural tissue response to implantable microelectrodes. We particularly highlight new models with increased complexity that closely mimic in vivo scenarios and that can serve as promising alternatives to animal studies for investigation of microelectrodes in neural tissues. Additionally, we also express our view on the impact of the progress in the field of neural tissue engineering on neural implant research.

SUBMITTER: Gulino M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6624471 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Tissue Response to Neural Implants: The Use of Model Systems Toward New Design Solutions of Implantable Microelectrodes.

Gulino Maurizio M Kim Donghoon D Pané Salvador S Santos Sofia Duque SD Pêgo Ana Paula AP

Frontiers in neuroscience 20190705

The development of implantable neuroelectrodes is advancing rapidly as these tools are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in clinical practice, especially for the treatment of traumatic and neurodegenerative disorders. Electrodes have been exploited in a wide number of neural interface devices, such as deep brain stimulation, which is one of the most successful therapies with proven efficacy in the treatment of diseases like Parkinson or epilepsy. However, one of the main caveats related to the cl ...[more]

PMID: 31333407

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Project description:The advancement of neural prostheses requires implantable neural electrodes capable of electrically stimulating or recording signals from neurons chronically. Unfortunately, the implantation injury and presence of foreign bodies lead to chronic inflammation, resulting in neuronal death in the vicinity of electrodes. A key mediator of inflammation and neuronal loss are reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). To mitigate the effect of RONS, a superoxide dismutase mimic compound, manganese(III) meso-tetrakis-(N-(2-aminoethyl)pyridinium-2-yl) porphyrin (iSODm), was synthesized to covalently attach to the neural probe surfaces. This new compound showed high catalytic superoxide scavenging activity. In microglia cell line cultures, the iSODm coating effectively reduced superoxide production and altered expression of iNOS, NADPH oxidase, and arginase. After 1 week of implantation, iSODm coated electrodes showed significantly lower expression of markers for oxidative stress immediately adjacent to the electrode surface, as well as significantly less neurons undergoing apoptosis. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: One critical challenge in the translation of neural electrode technology to clinically viable devices for brain computer interface or deep brain stimulation applications is the chronic degradation of the device performance due to neuronal degeneration around the implants. One of the key mediators of inflammation and neuronal degeneration is reactive oxygen and nitrogen species released by injured neurons and inflammatory microglia. This research takes a biomimetic approach to synthesize a compound having similar reactivity as superoxide dismutase, which can catalytically scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, thereby reducing oxidative stress and decreasing neuronal degeneration. By immobilizing the compound covalently on the surface of neural implants, we show that the neuronal degeneration and oxidative stress around the implants is significantly reduced.

Dataset Information

Tissue Response to Neural Implants: The Use of Model Systems Toward New Design Solutions of Implantable Microelectrodes.

Publications

Tissue Response to Neural Implants: The Use of Model Systems Toward New Design Solutions of Implantable Microelectrodes.

Similar Datasets

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