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Naturally occurring mutations in PB1 affect influenza A virus replication fidelity, virulence, and adaptability.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Mutations in the PB1 subunit of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of influenza A virus can affect replication fidelity. Before the influenza A/H1N1 pandemic in 2009, most human influenza A/H1N1 viruses contained the avian-associated residue, serine, at position 216 in PB1. However, near the onset of the 2009 pandemic, human viruses began to acquire the mammalian-associated residue, glycine, at PB1-216, and PB1-216G became predominant in human viruses thereafter. METHODS:Using entropy-based analysis algorithm, we have previously identified several host-specific amino-acid signatures that separated avian and swine viruses from human influenza viruses. The presence of these host-specific signatures in human influenza A/H1N1 viruses suggested that these mutations were the result of adaptive genetic evolution that enabled these influenza viruses to circumvent host barriers, which resulted in cross-species transmission. We investigated the biological impact of this natural avian-to-mammalian signature substitution at PB1-216 in human influenza A/H1N1 viruses. RESULTS:We found that PB1-216G viruses had greater mutation potential, and were more sensitive to ribavirin than PB1-216S viruses. In oseltamivir-treated HEK293 cells, PB1-216G viruses generated mutations in viral neuraminidase at a higher rate than PB1-216S viruses. By contrast, PB1-216S viruses were more virulent in mice than PB1-216G viruses. These results suggest that the PB1-S216G substitution enhances viral epidemiological fitness by increasing the frequency of adaptive mutations in human influenza A/H1N1 viruses. CONCLUSIONS:Our results thus suggest that the increased adaptability and epidemiological fitness of naturally arising human PB1-216G viruses, which have a canonical low-fidelity replicase, were the biological mechanisms underlying the replacement of PB1-216S viruses with a high-fidelity replicase following the emergence of pdmH1N1. We think that continued surveillance of such naturally occurring PB1-216 variants among others is warranted to assess the potential impact of changes in RdRp fidelity on the adaptability and epidemiological fitness of human A/H1N1 influenza viruses.

SUBMITTER: Lin RW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6668090 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Naturally occurring mutations in PB1 affect influenza A virus replication fidelity, virulence, and adaptability.

Lin Ruey-Wen RW Chen Guang-Wu GW Sung Hsiang-Hsuan HH Lin Ren-Jye RJ Yen Li-Chen LC Tseng Yu-Ling YL Chang Yung-Kun YK Lien Shu-Pei SP Shih Shin-Ru SR Liao Ching-Len CL

Journal of biomedical science 20190731 1

<h4>Background</h4>Mutations in the PB1 subunit of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of influenza A virus can affect replication fidelity. Before the influenza A/H1N1 pandemic in 2009, most human influenza A/H1N1 viruses contained the avian-associated residue, serine, at position 216 in PB1. However, near the onset of the 2009 pandemic, human viruses began to acquire the mammalian-associated residue, glycine, at PB1-216, and PB1-216G became predominant in human viruses thereafter.<h4>Methods</ ...[more]

PMID: 31366399

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Naturally occurring mutations in PB1 affect influenza A virus replication fidelity, virulence, and adaptability.

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Naturally occurring mutations in PB1 affect influenza A virus replication fidelity, virulence, and adaptability.

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