Dataset Information

13C values of glycolytic amino acids as indicators of carbohydrate utilization in carnivorous fish.

ABSTRACT: Background:Stable isotope analysis of single amino acids (AA) is usually applied in food web studies for tracing biosynthetic origins of AA carbon backbones and establishing trophic positions of consumers, but the method is also showing promise for characterizing quantity and quality of dietary lipids and carbohydrates. Methods:To investigate whether changes in high- and low-digestible carbohydrates affect ? 13C values of glycolytic AA, i.e., AA carbon backbones sourced from the glycolytic pathway, we compared Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from a feeding experiment with and without dietary inclusion of the red macroalga Palmaria palmata. The Control and experimental diets had similar relative proportions of macronutrients, but their ingredients differed; in the experimental treatment, 15% Palmaria inclusion substituted proteins from fishmeal and carbohydrates from corn starch. Results:We found that 13C values of the glycolytic AA were highly sensitive to substitution of corn starch with Palmaria. The ? 13C offsets of glycolytic AA between salmon and their diets were significantly greater in the Palmaria inclusion than Control treatment. This greater offset can be attributed to the different utilization of high- vs. low-digestible carbohydrate sources, i.e., corn starch vs. Palmaria, in the two treatments, and metabolic routing of dietary lipids. In addition, similar ? 13C values of essential AA between treatments indicate similar nutrient assimilation efficiency for all terrestrial (pea protein concentrate and wheat gluten meal) and marine (fishmeal and red alga) derived protein sources. These results show that ? 13CAA analysis is a promising tool for improving our understanding of how carnivorous fish utilize macronutrient and route metabolic intermediates to tissue.

SUBMITTER: Wang YV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6754727 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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<sup>13</sup>C values of glycolytic amino acids as indicators of carbohydrate utilization in carnivorous fish.

Wang Yiming V YV Wan Alex H L AHL Krogdahl Åshild Å Johnson Mark M Larsen Thomas T

PeerJ 20190918

<h4>Background</h4>Stable isotope analysis of single amino acids (AA) is usually applied in food web studies for tracing biosynthetic origins of AA carbon backbones and establishing trophic positions of consumers, but the method is also showing promise for characterizing quantity and quality of dietary lipids and carbohydrates.<h4>Methods</h4>To investigate whether changes in high- and low-digestible carbohydrates affect <i>δ</i> <sup>13</sup>C values of glycolytic AA, i.e., AA carbon backbones ...[more]

PMID: 31579597

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Project description:With the increasing anthropogenic impacts on fish habitats, it has become more important to understand which primary resources sustain fish populations. This resource utilization can differ between fish life stages, and individuals can migrate between habitats in search of resources. Such lifetime information is difficult to obtain due to the large spatial and temporal scales of fish behavior. The otolith organic matrix has the potential to indicate this resource utilization and migration with δ13C values of essential amino acids (EAAs), which are a direct indication of the primary producers. In a proof-of-concept study, we selected the Acoupa weakfish, Cynoscion acoupa, as a model fish species with distinct ontogenetic migration patterns. While it inhabits the Brazilian mangrove estuaries during juvenile stages, it moves to the coastal shelf as an adult. Thus, we expected that lifetime resource utilization and migration would be reflected in δ13CEAA patterns and baseline values in C. acoupa otoliths. By analyzing the C. acoupa otolith edges across a size range of 12-119 cm, we found that baseline δ13CEAA values increased with size, which indicated an estuarine to coastal shelf distribution. This trend is highly correlated with inorganic δ13C values. The δ13CEAA patterns showed that estuarine algae rather than mangrove-derived resources supported the juvenile C. acoupa populations. Around the juvenile size of 40 cm, resource utilization overlapped with those of adults and mean baseline δ13CEAA values increased. This trend was confirmed by comparing otolith core and edges, although with some individuals potentially migrating over longer distances than others. Hence, δ13CEAA patterns and baseline values in otoliths have great potential to reconstruct ontogenetic shifts in resource use and habitats. The insight could aid in predictions on how environmental changes affect fish populations by identifying the controlling factors at the base of the food web.

Dataset Information

13C values of glycolytic amino acids as indicators of carbohydrate utilization in carnivorous fish.

Publications

<sup>13</sup>C values of glycolytic amino acids as indicators of carbohydrate utilization in carnivorous fish.

Similar Datasets

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