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Microbe-host interplay in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

ABSTRACT: Despite recent advances in understanding microbial diversity in skin homeostasis, the relevance of microbial dysbiosis in inflammatory disease is poorly understood. Here we perform a comparative analysis of skin microbial communities coupled to global patterns of cutaneous gene expression in patients with atopic dermatitis or psoriasis. The skin microbiota is analysed by 16S amplicon or whole genome sequencing and the skin transcriptome by microarrays, followed by integration of the data layers. We find that atopic dermatitis and psoriasis can be classified by distinct microbes, which differ from healthy volunteers microbiome composition. Atopic dermatitis is dominated by a single microbe (Staphylococcus aureus), and associated with a disease relevant host transcriptomic signature enriched for skin barrier function, tryptophan metabolism and immune activation. In contrast, psoriasis is characterized by co-occurring communities of microbes with weak associations with disease related gene expression. Our work provides a basis for biomarker discovery and targeted therapies in skin dysbiosis.

SUBMITTER: Fyhrquist N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6795799 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Microbe-host interplay in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

Fyhrquist Nanna N Muirhead Gareth G Prast-Nielsen Stefanie S Jeanmougin Marine M Olah Peter P Skoog Tiina T Jules-Clement Gerome G Feld Micha M Barrientos-Somarribas Mauricio M Sinkko Hanna H van den Bogaard Ellen H EH Zeeuwen Patrick L J M PLJM Rikken Gijs G Schalkwijk Joost J Niehues Hanna H Däubener Walter W Eller Silvia Kathrin SK Alexander Helen H Pennino Davide D Suomela Sari S Tessas Ioannis I Lybeck Emilia E Baran Anna M AM Darban Hamid H Gangwar Roopesh Singh RS Gerstel Ulrich U Jahn Katharina K Karisola Piia P Yan Lee L Hansmann Britta B Katayama Shintaro S Meller Stephan S Bylesjö Max M Hupé Philippe P Levi-Schaffer Francesca F Greco Dario D Ranki Annamari A Schröder Jens M JM Barker Jonathan J Kere Juha J Tsoka Sophia S Lauerma Antti A Soumelis Vassili V Nestle Frank O FO Homey Bernhard B Andersson Björn B Alenius Harri H

Nature communications 20191016 1

Despite recent advances in understanding microbial diversity in skin homeostasis, the relevance of microbial dysbiosis in inflammatory disease is poorly understood. Here we perform a comparative analysis of skin microbial communities coupled to global patterns of cutaneous gene expression in patients with atopic dermatitis or psoriasis. The skin microbiota is analysed by 16S amplicon or whole genome sequencing and the skin transcriptome by microarrays, followed by integration of the data layers. ...[more]

PMID: 31619666

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Project description:BackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition whose pathogenesis involves genetic predisposition, epidermal barrier dysfunction, alterations in the immune responses and microbial dysbiosis. Clinical studies have shown a link between Staphylococcus aureus and the pathogenesis of AD, although the origins and genetic diversity of S. aureus colonizing patients with AD is poorly understood. The aim of the study was to investigate if specific clones might be associated with the disease.MethodsWGS analyses were performed on 38 S. aureus strains, deriving from AD patients and healthy carriers. Genotypes (i.e. MLST, spa-, agr- and SCCmec-typing), genomic content (e.g. virulome and resistome), and the pan-genome structure of strains have been investigated. Phenotypic analyses were performed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility, the biofilm production and the invasiveness within the investigated S. aureus population.ResultsStrains isolated from AD patients revealed a high degree of genetic heterogeneity and a shared set of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance genes, suggesting that no genotype and genomic content are uniquely associated with AD. The same strains were characterized by a lower variability in terms of gene content, indicating that the inflammatory conditions could exert a selective pressure leading to the optimization of the gene repertoire. Furthermore, genes related to specific mechanisms, like post-translational modification, protein turnover and chaperones as well as intracellular trafficking, secretion and vesicular transport, were significantly more enriched in AD strains. Phenotypic analysis revealed that all of our AD strains were strong or moderate biofilm producers, while less than half showed invasive capabilities.ConclusionsWe conclude that in AD skin, the functional role played by S. aureus may depend on differential gene expression patterns and/or on post-translational modification mechanisms rather than being associated with peculiar genetic features.

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Microbe-host interplay in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

Publications

Microbe-host interplay in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

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