Improved survival of men 50 to 75 years old with acute myeloid leukemia over a 20-year period.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Juliusson G
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6839949 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Growth hormone (GH) use has been speculated to improve physical capacity in subjects without GH deficiency (GHD) through stimulation of collagen synthesis in the tendon and skeletal muscle, which leads to better exercise training and increased muscle strength. In this context, the use of GH in healthy elderly should be an option for increasing muscle strength. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of GH therapy on muscle strength in healthy men over 50 years old. Fourteen healthy men aged 50-70 years were evaluated at baseline for body composition and muscle strength (evaluated by leg press and bench press exercises, which focus primarily on quadriceps-lower body part and pectoralis major-upper body part-muscles, resp.). Subjects were randomised into 2 groups: GH therapy (7 subjects) and placebo (7 subjects) and reevaluated after 6 months of therapy. Thirteen subjects completed the study (6 subjects in the placebo group and 7 subjects in the GH group). Subjects of both groups were not different at baseline. After 6 months of therapy, muscle strength in the bench press responsive muscles did not increase in both groups and showed a statistically significant increase in the leg press responsive muscles in the GH group. Our study demonstrated an increase in muscle strength in the lower body part after GH therapy in healthy men. This finding must be considered and tested in frail older populations, whose physical incapacity is primarily caused by proximal muscle weakness. The trial was registered with NCT01853566.
| S-EPMC3870652 | biostudies-literature
Project description:vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained from healthy subjects, either young adults (20-29 yr old) or older (65-75 yr old)
2007-12-13 | E-GEOD-362 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:March 2013 represented the 50th anniversary of the first license granted for a fibrinogen concentrate. In this review, we look at the history of bleeding management that led to the development of fibrinogen concentrate, discuss its current use, and consider future developments for this product.
| S-EPMC4741261 | biostudies-other
Project description:Older adults are increasingly important to maintaining stable workforces. As such, factors contributing to early workforce exit must be identified. This study aimed to identify predictors of unexpected retirement and unemployment at older age, with respect to psychological constructs, resulting adverse behaviors, and health-related factors reflecting functional status. Data were extracted from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) to predict unexpected retirement and unemployment in older adults in Ireland. Increasing age, increasing number of impairments in activities of daily living, and frailty status of "pre-frail/frail" (relative to non-frail) increased the likelihood of unexpected retirement; while greater numbers of physical limitations and "pre-frail/frail" status significantly predicted unemployment at older age. Pre-frail/frail status or reduced physical capability for everyday tasks may adversely affect older individuals' ability to obtain and/or maintain employment. These findings advance the current understanding of factors associated with unexpected retirement and unemployment at older ages. Findings may aid in identifying strategies to extend working life and to aid at-risk older adults, and may inform components of care on which to focus to minimize loss of function and mobility, and maintain independence, with aging.
| S-EPMC5536377 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundFrailty captures the age-related declines in health leading to increased vulnerability, including falls which are commonplace in older women. The relationship between frailty and falls is complex, with one leading to the other in a vicious cycle.AimsThis study addresses the gap in understanding how patterns of frailty and falls propensity interact, particularly in those who have not yet entered the falls-frailty cycle.MethodsThe Osteoporosis Risk Assessment cohort consists of 1044 community-dwelling women aged 75, with 10 years of follow-up. Investigations were performed and a frailty index constructed at baseline, 5 and 10 years. Falls were self-reported for each previous 12 months. Analysis was two-directional, firstly based on frailty status and second, based on falls status. Recurrent falls was the primary outcome.ResultsBaseline frailty was a significant predictor of recurrent falls after 5 and 10 years [(OR 2.55 (1.62-3.99); 3.04 (1.63-5.67)]. Among women who had no history of falls at age 75, frailty was a stronger predictor of falls at 5 years [OR 3.06 (1.59-5.89)] than among women who had previously fallen.DiscussionFrailty is significantly associated with recurrent falls and most pronounced in those who are frail but have not yet fallen.ConclusionsThis suggests that frailty should be an integral part of falls-risk assessment to improve identification of those at risk of becoming fallers.
| S-EPMC7591409 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Since the first antiviral drug, idoxuridine, was approved in 1963, 90 antiviral drugs categorized into 13 functional groups have been formally approved for the treatment of the following 9 human infectious diseases: (i) HIV infections (protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, entry inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues), (ii) hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections (lamivudine, interferons, nucleoside analogues, and acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues), (iii) hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections (ribavirin, interferons, NS3/4A protease inhibitors, NS5A inhibitors, and NS5B polymerase inhibitors), (iv) herpesvirus infections (5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridine analogues, entry inhibitors, nucleoside analogues, pyrophosphate analogues, and acyclic guanosine analogues), (v) influenza virus infections (ribavirin, matrix 2 protein inhibitors, RNA polymerase inhibitors, and neuraminidase inhibitors), (vi) human cytomegalovirus infections (acyclic guanosine analogues, acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues, pyrophosphate analogues, and oligonucleotides), (vii) varicella-zoster virus infections (acyclic guanosine analogues, nucleoside analogues, 5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridine analogues, and antibodies), (viii) respiratory syncytial virus infections (ribavirin and antibodies), and (ix) external anogenital warts caused by human papillomavirus infections (imiquimod, sinecatechins, and podofilox). Here, we present for the first time a comprehensive overview of antiviral drugs approved over the past 50 years, shedding light on the development of effective antiviral treatments against current and emerging infectious diseases worldwide.
| S-EPMC4978613 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe incidence of testicular cancer in the United States (US) has substantially increased in recent decades. The majority of testicular cancers are germ cell tumors (TGCT), which are the most commonly occurring malignancies among men aged 15-44 years in the US. To date, few studies have focused on testicular cancer among men aged ≥ 50 years. Thus, we sought to examine detailed descriptive features, including incidence rates and age patterns, of tumors that arise in the testes among men aged ≥ 50 years.MethodsData from forty-one US cancer registries were included for the years 1999-2014. Incidence rates per 100,000 person-years and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by race/ethnicity, histology, and age at diagnosis. Estimates of annual percent change (APC) were also calculated.ResultsAge-specific incidence rates of spermatocytic tumors, sex cord stromal tumors and lymphomas rose with age, while age-specific incidence rates of seminomas and nonseminomas declined. Between 1999 and 2014, the incidence of nonseminoma (APC = 3.26, 95% CI: 2.27-4.25) increased more than any other tumor type. The incidence of seminoma (APC: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.59-1.71) also increased, while rates of testicular lymphoma (APC: -0.66, 95% CI: -1.16 to -0.16), spermatocytic tumors (APC: 0.42, 95% CI: -1.42 to 2.29), and sex cord stromal tumors (APC: 0.60, 95% CI: -3.21 to 4.55) remained relatively unchanged.ConclusionGiven the distinct time-trends and age-specific patterns of testicular cancer in men aged ≥50 years, additional investigation of risk factors for these tumors is warranted.
| S-EPMC6668029 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence of osteoporotic hip fracture in the Macarena Health Area (Seville).Setting and participantsThis was a prospective observational study that collected all osteoporotic hip fractures that occurred between March 2013 and February 2014 at the Clinical Unit of Traumatology and Orthopaedics. All cases collected during the first 6 months of the study were followed for 1 year after the occurrence of the event.Outcome measuresWe evaluated the incidence of osteoporotic hip fractures in the Macarena Health Area (Seville) from 1 March 2013 to 28 February 2014, and we compared the incidence with that in 2 previous studies carried out with the same methodology in 1994 and 2006. Furthermore, we calculated the morbidity and degree of disability 1 year after the fracture occurred and determined mortality and the associated factors.ResultsThe overall incidence was 228 per 100 000 individuals/year (95% CI 204.5 to 251.6), and the incidence was higher in women than in men. In women, the incidence rate decreased in all age groups over time, while in men, the incidence rate increased. The mortality rate 1 year after the episode was 27.2%. The factors associated with overall mortality were a body mass index below 25 kg/m2, renal failure and low plasma proteins.ConclusionsOur results show a high incidence of osteoporotic hip fracture that is increasing in men, and in men it is associated with a higher mortality than in women. There is room to improve the modifiable factors associated with mortality and the available rehabilitation interventions to reduce the disability associated with these fractures.
| S-EPMC7517558 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Pathogen incursions are a major impediment for global forest health. How pathogens and forest trees coexist over time, without pathogens simply killing their long-lived hosts, is a critical but unanswered question. The Dothistroma Needle Blight pathogen Dothistroma septosporum was introduced into New Zealand in the 1960s and remains a low-diversity, asexual population, providing a unique opportunity to analyze the evolution of a forest pathogen. Isolates of D. septosporum collected from commercial pine forests over 50 years were compared at whole-genome and phenotype levels. Limited genome diversity and increased diversification among recent isolates support the premise of a single introduction event. Isolates from the 1960s show significantly elevated virulence against Pinus radiata seedlings and produce higher levels of the virulence factor dothistromin compared to isolates collected in the 1990s and 2000s. However, later isolates have no increased tolerance to copper, used in fungicide treatments of infested forests and traditionally assumed to be a strong selection pressure. The isolated New Zealand population of this forest pathogen therefore appears to have become less virulent over time, likely in part to maintain the viability of its long-lived host. This finding has broad implications for forest health and highlights the benefits of long-term pathogen surveys.
| S-EPMC6843257 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Aims:Whether neck circumference (NC) could be used as a valuable tool for identifying metabolic syndrome (MS) by different criteria in Chinese is still unclear. Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional survey from October 2010 to January 2011 in Shipai community, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. A total of 1473 subjects aged over 50 years were investigated. We measured height, weight, NC, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipids in all subjects. MS was identified by criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III), Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS), and International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Results:Mean NC was 38.0?±?2.7?cm in men and 34.2?±?2.5?cm in women. By using receiver operating characteristic curves, the area under the curve (AUC) of NC for identifying MS (IDF) was 0.823 in men and 0.777 in women, while for identifying MS (CDS), it was 0.788 in men and 0.762 in women. The AUC of NC for diagnosing MS (ATP III) was 0.776 in men and 0.752 in women. The optimal cut points of NC for MS were 38.5?cm by three definitions in men, while those were 34.2?cm, 33.4?cm, and 34.0?cm in women by IDF, ATP III, and CDS definitions, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the AUC of NC and BMI for diagnosing MS by using different criteria (all p > 0.05). Conclusions:NC is associated with MS by different definitions in Chinese subjects over 50 years old. It may be a useful tool to identify MS in a community population.
| S-EPMC5925132 | biostudies-literature