Dataset Information

Candida utilis yeast as a functional protein source for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Local intestinal tissue and plasma proteome responses.

ABSTRACT: Microbial ingredients such as Candida utilis yeast are known to be functional protein sources with immunomodulating effects whereas soybean meal causes soybean meal-induced enteritis in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Inflammatory or immunomodulatory stimuli at the local level in the intestine may alter the plasma proteome profile of Atlantic salmon. These deviations can be helpful indicators for fish health and, therefore potential tools in the diagnosis of fish diseases. The present work aimed to identify local intestinal tissue responses and changes in plasma protein profiles of Atlantic salmon fed inactive dry Candida utilis yeast biomass, soybean meal, or combination of soybean meal based diet with various inclusion levels of Candida utilis. A fishmeal based diet was used as control diet. Inclusion of Candida utilis yeast to a fishmeal based diet did not alter the morphology, immune cell population or gene expression of the distal intestine. Lower levels of Candida utilis combined with soybean meal modulated immune cell populations in the distal intestine and reduced the severity of soybean meal-induced enteritis, while higher inclusion levels of Candida utilis were less effective. Changes in the plasma proteomic profile revealed differences between the diets but did not indicate any specific proteins that could be a marker for health or disease. The results suggest that Candida utilis does not alter intestinal morphology or induce major changes in plasma proteome, and thus could be a high-quality alternative protein source with potential functional properties in diets for Atlantic salmon.

SUBMITTER: Reveco-Urzua FE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6936787 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Candida utilis yeast as a functional protein source for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Local intestinal tissue and plasma proteome responses.

Reveco-Urzua Felipe Eduardo FE Hofossæter Mette M Rao Kovi Mallikarjuna M Mydland Liv Torunn LT Ånestad Ragnhild R Sørby Randi R Press Charles McLean CM Lagos Leidy L Øverland Margareth M

PloS one 20191230 12

Microbial ingredients such as Candida utilis yeast are known to be functional protein sources with immunomodulating effects whereas soybean meal causes soybean meal-induced enteritis in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Inflammatory or immunomodulatory stimuli at the local level in the intestine may alter the plasma proteome profile of Atlantic salmon. These deviations can be helpful indicators for fish health and, therefore potential tools in the diagnosis of fish diseas ...[more]

PMID: 31887112

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Project description:The high-affinity/low-capacity system Slc15a2 (PepT2) is responsible for the reuptake of di/tripeptides from the renal proximal tubule, but it also operates in many other tissues and organs. Information regarding PepT2 in teleost fish is limited and, to date, functional data are available from the zebrafish (Danio rerio) only. Here, we report the identification of two slc15a2 genes in the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) genome, namely slc15a2a and slc15a2b. The two encoded PepT2 proteins share 87% identity and resemble both structurally and functionally the canonical vertebrate PepT2 system. The mRNA tissue distribution analyses reveal a widespread distribution of slc15a2a transcripts, being more abundant in the brain and gills, while slc15a2b transcripts are mainly expressed in the kidney and the distal part of the gastrointestinal tract. The function of the two transporters was investigated by heterologous expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes and two-electrode voltage-clamp recordings of transport and presteady-state currents. Both PepT2a and PepT2b in the presence of Gly-Gln elicit pH-dependent and Na+ independent inward currents. The biophysical and kinetic analysis of the recorded currents defined the transport properties, confirming that the two Atlantic salmon PepT2 proteins behave as high-affinity/low-capacity transporters. The recent structures and the previous kinetic schemes of rat and human PepT2 qualitatively account for the characteristics of the two Atlantic salmon proteins. This study is the first to report on the functional expression of two PepT2-type transporters that operate in the same vertebrate organism as a result of (a) gene duplication process(es). KEY POINTS: Two slc15a2-type genes, slc15a2a and slc15a2b coding for PepT2-type peptide transporters were found in the Atlantic salmon. slc15a2a transcripts, widely distributed in the fish tissues, are abundant in the brain and gills, while slc15a2b transcripts are mainly expressed in the kidney and distal gastrointestinal tract. Amino acids involved in vertebrate Slc15 transport function are conserved in PepT2a and PepT2b proteins. Detailed kinetic analysis indicates that both PepT2a and PepT2b operate as high-affinity transporters. The kinetic schemes and structures proposed for the mammalian models of PepT2 are suitable to explain the function of the two Atlantic salmon transporters.

Dataset Information

Candida utilis yeast as a functional protein source for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Local intestinal tissue and plasma proteome responses.

Publications

Candida utilis yeast as a functional protein source for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): Local intestinal tissue and plasma proteome responses.

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