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Use of benchmark dose models in risk assessment for occupational handlers of eight pesticides used in pome fruit production.

ABSTRACT: The benchmark dose has been frequently recommended for the creation of points of departure for regulatory dose limits, but many regulations, including pesticide risk assessment and registration in the United States, continues to rely on NOAEL methods as the OECD toxicological standard methods recommend. This study used data from studies in support of pesticide registration for eight different compounds to build dose-response models and calculate benchmark doses and confidence limits. The results were compared to the NOAEL of the same study. A probabilistic estimate of dose was compared with all points of departure to demonstrate differences in the protective ability of each different selected limit. While neither the BMD/BMDL nor the NOAEL was consistently more protective, the advantage of using the BMD in quantifying the uncertainty of the point of departure is highlighted, and the feasibility of using current OECD-guideline studies for derivation of a BMD is demonstrated in these cases.

SUBMITTER: Pouzou JG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6937384 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Use of benchmark dose models in risk assessment for occupational handlers of eight pesticides used in pome fruit production.

Pouzou Jane Gurnick JG Kissel John J Yost Michael G MG Fenske Richard A RA Cullen Alison C AC

Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP 20191023

The benchmark dose has been frequently recommended for the creation of points of departure for regulatory dose limits, but many regulations, including pesticide risk assessment and registration in the United States, continues to rely on NOAEL methods as the OECD toxicological standard methods recommend. This study used data from studies in support of pesticide registration for eight different compounds to build dose-response models and calculate benchmark doses and confidence limits. The results ...[more]

PMID: 31655092

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Project description:BackgroundChildren are especially vulnerable to pesticide exposure and can suffer lasting health effects. Because children of farmworkers are exposed to a variety of pesticides throughout development, it is important to explore temporal patterns of coexposures.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to characterize the pesticide co-exposures, determine how they change over time, and assess differences between farmworker and nonfarmworker households.MethodsDust collected from 40 farmworker and 35 nonfarmworker households in the Yakima Valley of the State of Washington in 2005 and then again in 2011 was analyzed for 99 pesticides. Eighty-seven pesticides representing over 28 classes were detected. Pesticides were grouped into classes using U.S. EPA pesticide chemical classifications, and trends in concentrations were analyzed at the class level.ResultsLevels of organophosphates, pyridazinones, and phenols significantly decreased between 2005 and 2011 in both farmworker and nonfarmworker households. Levels of anilides, 2,6-dinitroanilines, chlorophenols, triclosan, and guanidines significantly increased in both farmworker and nonfarmworker households in 2011 vs. 2005. Among farmworkers alone, there were significantly lower levels of N-methyl carbamates and neonicotinoids in 2011.ConclusionsWe observed significant reductions in the concentrations of many pesticides over time in both farmworker and nonfarmworker households. Although nonfarmworker households generally had lower concentrations of pesticides, it is important to note that in comparison with NHANES participants, nonfarmworkers and their families still had significantly higher concentrations of urinary pesticide metabolites. This finding highlights the importance of detailed longitudinal exposure monitoring to capture changes in agricultural and residential pesticide use over time. This foundation provides an avenue to track longitudinal pesticide exposures in an intervention or regulatory context. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3644.

Dataset Information

Use of benchmark dose models in risk assessment for occupational handlers of eight pesticides used in pome fruit production.

Publications

Use of benchmark dose models in risk assessment for occupational handlers of eight pesticides used in pome fruit production.

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