Dataset Information

Prepartum dietary energy intake alters adipose tissue transcriptome profiles during the periparturient period in Holstein dairy cows.

ABSTRACT: Background:The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of energy overfeeding during the dry period on adipose tissue transcriptome profiles during the periparturient period in dairy cows. Methods:Fourteen primiparous Holstein cows from a larger cohort receiving a higher-energy diet (1.62 Mcal of net energy for lactation/kg of dry matter; 15% crude protein) for ad libitum intake to supply 150% (OVR) or 100% (CTR) of energy requirements from dry off until parturition were used. After calving, all cows received the same lactation diet. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsies were collected at -?14, 1, and 14?d from parturition (d) and used for transcriptome profiling using a bovine oligonucleotide microarray. Data mining of differentially expressed genes (DEG) between treatments and due to sampling time was performed using the Dynamic Impact Approach (DIA) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Results:There was a strong effect of over-feeding energy on DEG with 2434 (False discovery rate-corrected P?

SUBMITTER: Minuti A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6941259 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prepartum dietary energy intake alters adipose tissue transcriptome profiles during the periparturient period in Holstein dairy cows.

Minuti Andrea A Bionaz Massimo M Lopreiato Vincenzo V Janovick Nicole A NA Rodriguez-Zas Sandra L SL Drackley James K JK Loor Juan J JJ

Journal of animal science and biotechnology 20200103

<h4>Background</h4>The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of energy overfeeding during the dry period on adipose tissue transcriptome profiles during the periparturient period in dairy cows.<h4>Methods</h4>Fourteen primiparous Holstein cows from a larger cohort receiving a higher-energy diet (1.62 Mcal of net energy for lactation/kg of dry matter; 15% crude protein) for ad libitum intake to supply 150% (OVR) or 100% (CTR) of energy requirements from dry off until parturition were use ...[more]

PMID: 31908775

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Project description:While dietary phosphorus (P) deprivation extending from the dry period into early lactation impairs health and productivity of cows, restricting dietary P supply during the dry period not only appears to be innocuous but rather effectively mitigates hypocalcemia during the first wk of lactation. To investigate possible negative metabolic effects of P deprivation during the dry period, the present study tested the hypothesis that restarted dietary P supply during the dry period alters the liver transcriptome of dairy cows during the periparturient period. Thirty late-pregnant multiparous Holstein-Friesian dairy cows entering their 2nd, 3rd or 4th lactation were assigned to either a dry cow ration with low (LP, 0.16% P in DM) or adequate P content (AP, 0.35% in DM) during the last 4 wk of the dry period (n = 15/group). Liver transcriptomics, which was carried out in a subset of five 2nd parity cows of each group (n = 5), and determination of selected hormones and metabolites in blood of all cows, was performed approximately one wk before calving and on d 3 postpartum. Liver tissue specimens and blood samples were obtained by a micro-invasive biopsy technique from the right 10th intercostal space and puncture of a jugular vein, respectively. 175 hepatic transcripts were expressed differentially between LP vs. AP cows in late pregnancy, and 165 transcripts differed between LP vs. AP cows in early lactation (Fold change > 1.3 and < -1.3, P < 0.05). In late pregnancy, the enriched biological processes of the up-regulated and the down-regulated transcripts were mainly related to immune processes and signal transduction (P < 0.05), respectively. In early lactation, the enriched biological processes of the up-regulated and the down-regulated transcripts were involved in mineral transport and biotransformation (P < 0.05), respectively. The plasma concentrations of the hormones and acute phase proteins (progesterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, serum amyloid alpha, haptoglobin, and 17β-estradiol) determined were not affected by P supply. These results suggest that P deprivation during the dry period moderately affects the liver transcriptome of cows in late pregnancy and early lactation, and causes no effects on important plasma hormones and acute phase proteins indicating no obvious impairment of health or metabolism of the cows.

Project description:BackgroundOverconditioned dairy cows are susceptible to excessive lipolysis and increased insulin resistance during the transition period. The associations among body fat reserve, insulin resistance, and lipolysis in adipose tissues (AT) remain to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether excessive fat reserves influence the insulin signaling pathway in AT postpartum.ResultsTwenty multiparous dairy cows were selected and assigned to one of two groups, according to prepartum body condition score (BCS): Control group (BCS = 3.0-3.5; n = 10) and Overconditioned group (BCS ≥ 4.0; n = 10). Blood samples were collected on days -14, -7, -4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 4, 7, and 14 relative to parturition. Subcutaneous AT were collected on day 2 following parturition for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. No differences were observed between the two groups in serum glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyric acid, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, insulin, or leptin concentrations during the experimental period. Compared with the control cows, the overconditioned cows had lower serum triglyceride levels and higher adiponectin concentrations. In the AT postpartum, insulin receptor mRNA and protein levels were lower in the overconditioned cows than in the control cows, and no differences were found in glucose transporter 4 mRNA. Compared with the control cows, the overconditioned cows had lower mRNA levels of TNFα and higher mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in AT postpartum. The phosphorylated protein kinase B (AKT) content and phosphorylation rate of AKT were increased in the overconditioned cows compared with the control cows, which suggested that the downstream insulin signaling in AT was affected.ConclusionsIn the present study, transition dairy cows with higher BCS did not show more fat mobilization. The changes of insulin signaling pathway in AT postpartum of overconditioned cows may be partly related to the expression of PPARγ and TNFα, and the secretion of adiponectin.

Dataset Information

Prepartum dietary energy intake alters adipose tissue transcriptome profiles during the periparturient period in Holstein dairy cows.

Publications

Prepartum dietary energy intake alters adipose tissue transcriptome profiles during the periparturient period in Holstein dairy cows.

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