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A DNA Aptamer for Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate that Shows Adaptive Recognition.

ABSTRACT: As a ubiquitous second messenger, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) mediates diverse biological processes such as cell growth, inflammation, and metabolism. The ability to probe these pathways would be significantly enhanced if we had a DNA-based sensor for cAMP. Herein, we describe a new, 31-base long single-stranded DNA aptamer for cAMP, denoted caDNApt-1, that was isolated by in vitro selection using systemic evolution of ligands after exponential enrichment (SELEX). caDNApt-1 has an approximately threefold higher affinity for cAMP than ATP, ADP, and AMP. Using non-denaturing gel electrophoresis and fluorescence spectroscopy, we characterized the structural changes caDNApt-1 undergoes upon binding to cAMP and revealed its potential as a cAMP sensor.

SUBMITTER: Sharma S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6960355 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:An antagonistic communication exists between adenosinergic and dopaminergic signaling in the basal ganglia, which suggests that the suppression of adenosine A2A receptors-cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway may be able to restore the disrupted dopamine transmission that results in motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Arbutin is a natural glycoside that possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether arbutin could ameliorate the symptoms of PD and to examine the underlying mechanism. In this study, Swiss albino mouse models of PD were established by the intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine for 4 successive days, with the concurrent intraperitoneal administration of arbutin (50 and 100 mg/kg) for 7 days. The results showed that arbutin significantly reduced lipid peroxidation, total nitrite levels, and inflammation in the substantia nigra and striatum of PD mouse models. In addition, arbutin decreased the activity of endogenous antioxidants, reduced the levels of dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid, and minimized neurodegeneration in the striatum. Arbutin also reduced the abnormal performance of PD mouse models in the open field test, bar test, pole test, and rotarod test. The therapeutic efficacy of arbutin was similar to that of madopar. The intraperitoneal injection of the A2AR agonist CGS21680 (0.5 mg/kg) attenuated the therapeutic effects of arbutin, whereas the intraperitoneal injection of forskolin (3 mg/kg) enhanced arbutin-mediated improvements. These findings suggest that arbutin can improve the performance of PD mouse models by inhibiting the function of the A2AR and enhancing the effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate. This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (1616/PO/Re/S/12/CPCSEA) on November 17, 2019 (approval No. IAEC/2019/010).

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A DNA Aptamer for Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate that Shows Adaptive Recognition.

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