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Utility of Soluble CD163 in the Clinical Management of Patients With Kawasaki Disease.

ABSTRACT: Objective: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is a useful first-line treatment for Kawasaki disease (KD); however, 10-20% of patients fail to respond and require additional IVIG. Soluble CD163 (sCD163) is considered a biomarker for macrophage activation. There are no reports measuring serum sCD163 in KD patients. This study aimed to explore its possible utility in the clinical management of patients with KD. Methods: Eighty-seven patients with well-defined KD were retrospectively enrolled together with 19 healthy individuals with comparable ages. KD patients were classified into three groups, Group A (initial IVIG responders), Group B (additional IVIG responders), and Group C (additional IVIG non-responders). Serum sCD163 together with complete blood counts, C-reactive protein, d-dimer, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured before the initial IVIG treatment in all cases, and afterward in a fraction of cases. Results: Serum sCD163 in KD patients before initial IVIG was generally much higher than the control group. The median (interquartile range) of sCD163 was as follows: Control 446 (385-521) ng/mL; Group A, 699 (478-1,072); Group B, 1,349 (1,116-1,390); and Group C, 665 (544-1,094). In general, sCD163 showed close positive correlation with ALT and AST, but none with other markers. Among the KD groups, Group B showed the highest sCD163: Group B vs. A: p = 0.0003; B vs. C: p = 0.035). Serum sCD163 was significantly increased after IVIG in Group A, while no change occurred in others. Conclusion: The serum sCD163 levels could be a useful biomarker in the clinical management of KD, especially for predicting responsiveness to IVIG.

SUBMITTER: Azuma Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7154120 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Utility of Soluble CD163 in the Clinical Management of Patients With Kawasaki Disease.

Azuma Yoshihiro Y Suzuki Yasuo Y Okada Seigo S Matsuguma Chie C Wakiguchi Hiroyuki H Ohnishi Yuji Y Furuta Takashi T Miyake Akiko A Yasudo Hiroki H Ichihara Kiyoshi K Ohga Shouichi S Hasegawa Shunji S

Frontiers in pediatrics 20200407

<b>Objective:</b> Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is a useful first-line treatment for Kawasaki disease (KD); however, 10-20% of patients fail to respond and require additional IVIG. Soluble CD163 (sCD163) is considered a biomarker for macrophage activation. There are no reports measuring serum sCD163 in KD patients. This study aimed to explore its possible utility in the clinical management of patients with KD. <b>Methods:</b> Eighty-seven patients with well-defined KD were retrospect ...[more]

PMID: 32318530

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Project description:BackgroundMacrophages play a significant role in liver disease development and progression. The macrophage activation marker soluble (s)CD163 is associated with severity and prognosis in a number of different acute and chronic liver diseases but has been only sparsely examined in Wilson's disease (WD). We investigated sCD163 levels in patients with acute and chronic WD and hypothesized associations with liver disease phenotype and biochemical markers of liver injury.MethodsWe investigated sCD163 in two independent cohorts of WD patients: 28 patients with fulminant WD from the US Acute Liver Failure (ALF) Study Group registry and 147 patients with chronic disease from a German WD registry. We included a control group of 19 healthy individuals. Serum sCD163 levels were measured by ELISA. Liver CD163 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsIn the ALF cohort, median sCD163 was 10-fold higher than in healthy controls (14.6(2.5-30.9) vs. 1.5(1.0-2.7) mg/L, p < 0.001). In the chronic cohort, median sCD163 was 2.6(0.9-24.9) mg/L. There was no difference in sCD163 according to subgroups based on initial clinical presentation, i.e. asymptomatic, neurologic, hepatic, or mixed. Patients with cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis had higher sCD163 compared with those without cirrhosis (3.0(1.2-24.9) vs. 2.3(0.9-8.0) mg/L, p < 0.001); and both cohorts significantly lower than the ALF patients. Further, sCD163 correlated positively with ALT, AST, GGT and INR (rho = 0.27-0.53); and negatively with albumin (rho = - 0.37), (p ≤ 0.001, all). We observed immunohistochemical CD163 expression in liver tissue from ALF patients.ConclusionsAlthough sCD163 is not specific for WD, it was elevated in WD patients, especially in those with ALF. Further, sCD163 was higher in patients with cirrhosis compared to patients without cirrhosis and associated with biochemical markers of liver injury and hepatocellular function. Thus, macrophage activation is evident in WD and associates with liver disease phenotype and biochemical parameters of liver disease. Our findings suggest that sCD163 may be used as a marker of liver disease severity in WD patients.

Project description:BackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with a significant immune component, as demonstrated by changes in immune biomarkers in patients' biofluids. However, which specific cells are responsible for those changes is unclear because most immune biomarkers can be produced by various cell types.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore monocyte involvement in PD.MethodsWe investigated the monocyte-specific biomarker sCD163, the soluble form of the receptor CD163, in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum in two experiments, and compared it with other biomarkers and clinical data. Potential connections between CD163 and alpha-synuclein were studied in vitro.ResultsCSF-sCD163 increased in late-stage PD and correlated with the PD biomarkers alpha-synuclein, Tau, and phosphorylated Tau, whereas it inversely correlated with the patients' cognitive scores, supporting monocyte involvement in neurodegeneration and cognition in PD. Serum-sCD163 increased only in female patients, suggesting a sex-distinctive monocyte response. CSF-sCD163 also correlated with molecules associated with adaptive and innate immune system activation and with immune cell recruitment to the brain. Serum-sCD163 correlated with proinflammatory cytokines and acute-phase proteins, suggesting a relation to chronic systemic inflammation. Our in vitro study showed that alpha-synuclein activates macrophages and induces shedding of sCD163, which in turn enhances alpha-synuclein uptake by myeloid cells, potentially participating in its clearance.ConclusionsOur data present sCD163 as a potential cognition-related biomarker in PD and suggest a role for monocytes in both peripheral and brain immune responses. This may be directly related to alpha-synuclein's proinflammatory capacity but could also have consequences for alpha-synuclein processing. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Dataset Information

Utility of Soluble CD163 in the Clinical Management of Patients With Kawasaki Disease.

Publications

Utility of Soluble CD163 in the Clinical Management of Patients With Kawasaki Disease.

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