Dataset Information

Shoot Characterization of Isoprene and Ocimene-Emitting Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants under Contrasting Environmental Conditions.

ABSTRACT: Isoprenoids are among the most abundant biogenic volatile compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants, and mediate both biotic and abiotic stress responses. Here, we provide for the first time a comparative analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis lines constitutively emitting isoprene and ocimene. Transgenic lines and Columbia-0 (Col-0) Arabidopsis were characterized under optimal, water stress, and heat stress conditions. Under optimal conditions, the projected leaf area (PLA), relative growth rate, and final dry weight were generally higher in transgenics than Col-0. These traits were associated to a larger photosynthetic capacity and CO2 assimilation rate at saturating light. Isoprene and ocimene emitters displayed a moderately higher stress tolerance than Col-0, showing higher PLA and gas-exchange traits throughout the experiments. Contrasting behaviors were recorded for the two overexpressors under water stress, with isoprene emitters showing earlier stomatal closure (conservative behavior) than ocimene emitters (non-conservative behavior), which might suggest different induced strategies for water conservation and stress adaptation. Our work indicates that (i) isoprene and ocimene emitters resulted in enhanced PLA and biomass under optimal and control conditions and that (ii) a moderate stress tolerance is induced when isoprene and ocimene are constitutively emitted in Arabidopsis, thus providing evidence of their role as a potential preferable trait for crop improvement.

SUBMITTER: Faralli M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7238224 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Shoot Characterization of Isoprene and Ocimene-Emitting Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants under Contrasting Environmental Conditions.

Faralli Michele M Li Mingai M Varotto Claudio C

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 20200409 4

Isoprenoids are among the most abundant biogenic volatile compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants, and mediate both biotic and abiotic stress responses. Here, we provide for the first time a comparative analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis lines constitutively emitting isoprene and ocimene. Transgenic lines and Columbia-0 (Col-0) Arabidopsis were characterized under optimal, water stress, and heat stress conditions. Under optimal conditions, the projected leaf area (PLA), relative growth ...[more]

PMID: 32283654

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Project description:Background and aimsIsoprene is the most important volatile organic compound emitted by land plants in terms of abundance and environmental effects. Controls on isoprene emission rates include light, temperature, water supply and CO2 concentration. A need to quantify these controls has long been recognized. There are already models that give realistic results, but they are complex, highly empirical and require separate responses to different drivers. This study sets out to find a simpler, unifying principle.MethodsA simple model is presented based on the idea of balancing demands for reducing power (derived from photosynthetic electron transport) in primary metabolism versus the secondary pathway that leads to the synthesis of isoprene. This model's ability to account for key features in a variety of experimental data sets is assessed.Key resultsThe model simultaneously predicts the fundamental responses observed in short-term experiments, namely: (1) the decoupling between carbon assimilation and isoprene emission; (2) a continued increase in isoprene emission with photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) at high PAR, after carbon assimilation has saturated; (3) a maximum of isoprene emission at low internal CO2 concentration (ci) and an asymptotic decline thereafter with increasing ci; (4) maintenance of high isoprene emissions when carbon assimilation is restricted by drought; and (5) a temperature optimum higher than that of photosynthesis, but lower than that of isoprene synthase activity.ConclusionsA simple model was used to test the hypothesis that reducing power available to the synthesis pathway for isoprene varies according to the extent to which the needs of carbon assimilation are satisfied. Despite its simplicity the model explains much in terms of the observed response of isoprene to external drivers as well as the observed decoupling between carbon assimilation and isoprene emission. The concept has the potential to improve global-scale modelling of vegetation isoprene emission.

Project description:Environment pH (pHe) is a key parameter dictating a surfeit of conditions critical to plant survival and fitness. To elucidate the mechanisms that recalibrate cytoplasmic and apoplastic pH homeostasis, we conducted a comprehensive proteomic/phosphoproteomic inventory of plants subjected to transient exposure to acidic or alkaline pH, an approach that covered the majority of protein-coding genes of the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Our survey revealed a large set-of so far undocumented pHe-dependent phospho-sites, indicative of extensive post-translational regulation of proteins involved in the acclimation to pHe. Changes in pHe altered both electrogenic H+ pumping via P-type ATPases and H+/anion co-transport processes, putatively leading to altered net trans-plasma membrane translocation of H+ ions. In pH 7.5 plants, the transport (but not the assimilation) of nitrogen via NRT2-type nitrate and AMT1-type ammonium transporters was induced, conceivably to increase the cytosolic H+ concentration. Exposure to both acidic and alkaline pH resulted in a marked repression of primary root elongation. No such cessation was observed in nrt2.1 mutants. Alkaline pH decreased the number of root hairs in the wild type but not in nrt2.1 plants, supporting a role of NRT2.1 in developmental signaling. Sequestration of iron into the vacuole via alterations in protein abundance of the vacuolar iron transporter VTL5 was inversely regulated in response to high and low pHe, presumptively in anticipation of associated changes in iron availability. A pH-dependent phospho-switch was also observed for the ABC transporter PDR7, suggesting changes in activity and, possibly, substrate specificity. Unexpectedly, the effect of pHe was not restricted to roots and provoked pronounced changes in the shoot proteome. In both roots and shoots, the plant-specific TPLATE complex components AtEH1 and AtEH2-essential for clathrin-mediated endocytosis-were differentially phosphorylated at multiple sites in response to pHe, indicating that the endocytic cargo protein trafficking is orchestrated by pHe.

Dataset Information

Shoot Characterization of Isoprene and Ocimene-Emitting Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants under Contrasting Environmental Conditions.

Publications

Shoot Characterization of Isoprene and Ocimene-Emitting Transgenic <i>Arabidopsis</i> Plants under Contrasting Environmental Conditions.

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