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Microbiome definition re-visited: old concepts and new challenges.

ABSTRACT: The field of microbiome research has evolved rapidly over the past few decades and has become a topic of great scientific and public interest. As a result of this rapid growth in interest covering different fields, we are lacking a clear commonly agreed definition of the term "microbiome." Moreover, a consensus on best practices in microbiome research is missing. Recently, a panel of international experts discussed the current gaps in the frame of the European-funded MicrobiomeSupport project. The meeting brought together about 40 leaders from diverse microbiome areas, while more than a hundred experts from all over the world took part in an online survey accompanying the workshop. This article excerpts the outcomes of the workshop and the corresponding online survey embedded in a short historical introduction and future outlook. We propose a definition of microbiome based on the compact, clear, and comprehensive description of the term provided by Whipps et al. in 1988, amended with a set of novel recommendations considering the latest technological developments and research findings. We clearly separate the terms microbiome and microbiota and provide a comprehensive discussion considering the composition of microbiota, the heterogeneity and dynamics of microbiomes in time and space, the stability and resilience of microbial networks, the definition of core microbiomes, and functionally relevant keystone species as well as co-evolutionary principles of microbe-host and inter-species interactions within the microbiome. These broad definitions together with the suggested unifying concepts will help to improve standardization of microbiome studies in the future, and could be the starting point for an integrated assessment of data resulting in a more rapid transfer of knowledge from basic science into practice. Furthermore, microbiome standards are important for solving new challenges associated with anthropogenic-driven changes in the field of planetary health, for which the understanding of microbiomes might play a key role. Video Abstract.

SUBMITTER: Berg G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7329523 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Microbiome definition re-visited: old concepts and new challenges.

Berg Gabriele G Rybakova Daria D Fischer Doreen D Cernava Tomislav T Vergès Marie-Christine Champomier MC Charles Trevor T Chen Xiaoyulong X Cocolin Luca L Eversole Kellye K Corral Gema Herrero GH Kazou Maria M Kinkel Linda L Lange Lene L Lima Nelson N Loy Alexander A Macklin James A JA Maguin Emmanuelle E Mauchline Tim T McClure Ryan R Mitter Birgit B Ryan Matthew M Sarand Inga I Smidt Hauke H Schelkle Bettina B Roume Hugo H Kiran G Seghal GS Selvin Joseph J Souza Rafael Soares Correa de RSC van Overbeek Leo L Singh Brajesh K BK Wagner Michael M Walsh Aaron A Sessitsch Angela A Schloter Michael M

Microbiome 20200630 1

The field of microbiome research has evolved rapidly over the past few decades and has become a topic of great scientific and public interest. As a result of this rapid growth in interest covering different fields, we are lacking a clear commonly agreed definition of the term "microbiome." Moreover, a consensus on best practices in microbiome research is missing. Recently, a panel of international experts discussed the current gaps in the frame of the European-funded MicrobiomeSupport project. T ...[more]

PMID: 32605663

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Microbiome definition re-visited: old concepts and new challenges.

Publications

Microbiome definition re-visited: old concepts and new challenges.

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