Dataset Information

Nonuniform impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality over the United States.

ABSTRACT: Most of the state governments in United States (U.S.) issued lockdown or business restrictions amid the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, which created a unique opportunity to evaluate the air quality response to reduced economic activities. Data acquired from 28 long-term air quality stations across the U.S. revealed widespread but nonuniform reductions of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and carbon monoxide (CO) during the first phase of lockdown (March 15-April 25, 2020) relative to a pre-lockdown reference period and historical baselines established in 2017-2019. The reductions, up to 49% for NO₂ and 37% for CO, are statistically significant at two thirds of the sites and tend to increase with local population density. Significant reductions of particulate matter (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀) only occurred in the Northeast and California/Nevada metropolises where NO₂ declined the most, while the changes in ozone (O₃) were mixed and relatively minor. These findings are consistent with lower transportation and utility demands that dominate NO₂ and CO emissions, especially in major urban areas, due to the lockdown. This study provides an insight into potential public health benefits with more aggressive air quality management, which should be factored into strategies to reopen the U.S. and global economy.

SUBMITTER: Chen LA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7373013 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Nonuniform impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality over the United States.

Chen L-W Antony LA Chien Lung-Chang LC Li Yi Y Lin Ge G

The Science of the total environment 20200721

Most of the state governments in United States (U.S.) issued lockdown or business restrictions amid the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, which created a unique opportunity to evaluate the air quality response to reduced economic activities. Data acquired from 28 long-term air quality stations across the U.S. revealed widespread but nonuniform reductions of nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) and carbon monoxide (CO) during the first phase of lockdown (March 15-April 25, 2020) relative to a pre-loc ...[more]

PMID: 32731074

Similar Datasets

Project description:The UK implemented a lockdown in Spring (2020) to curtail the person-to-person transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Measures restricted movements to one outing per day for exercise and shopping, otherwise most people were restricted to their dwelling except for key workers (e.g. medical, supermarkets, and transport). In this study, we quantified changes to air quality across the United Kingdom from 30/03/2020 to 03/05/2020 (weeks 14-18), the period of most stringent travel restrictions. Daily pollutant measurements of NO2, O3 and PM2.5 from the national network of monitoring sites during this period were compared with measurements over the same period during 2017-19. Comparisons were also made with predicted concentrations for the 2020 period from business-as-usual (BAU) modelling, where the contributions of normal anthropogenic activities were estimated under the observed meteorological conditions. During the lockdown study period there was a 69% reduction in traffic overall (74% reduction in light and 35% in heavy vehicles). Measurements from 129 monitoring stations, identified mean reductions in NO2 of 38.3% (-8.8 μg/m3) and PM2.5 of 16.5% (-2.2 μg/m3). Improvements in NO2 and PM2.5 were largest at urban traffic sites and more modest at background locations where a large proportion of the population live. In contrast, O3 concentrations on average increased by 7.6% (+4.8 μg/m3) with the largest increases at roadside sites due to reductions in local emissions of NO. A lack of VOC monitoring limited our capacity to interpret changes in O3 at urban background locations. BAU models predicted comparable NO2 reductions and O3 gains, although PM2.5 episodes would have been more prominent without lockdown. Results demonstrate the relatively modest contribution of traffic to air quality, suggesting that sustained improvements in air quality require actions across various sectors, including working with international and European initiatives on long-range transport air pollutants, especially PM2.5 and O3.

Dataset Information

Nonuniform impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality over the United States.

Publications

Nonuniform impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality over the United States.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets