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Impacts of nationwide lockdown due to COVID-19 outbreak on air quality in Bangladesh: a spatiotemporal analysis.

ABSTRACT: In Bangladesh, a nationwide lockdown was imposed on 26 March 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to restricted emissions, it was hypothesized that the air quality has been improved during lockdown throughout the country. The study is intended to assess the impact of nationwide lockdown measures on air quality in Bangladesh. We analyzed satellite data for four different air pollutants (NO2, SO2, CO, and O3) to assess the changes in the atmospheric concentrations of pollutants in major cities as well as across the country. In this study, the concentrations of NO2, SO2, CO, and O3 from 1 February to 30 May of the year 2019 and 2020 were analyzed. The average SO2 and NO2 concentrations were decreased by 43 and 40%, respectively, while tropospheric O3 were found to be increased with a maximum of > 7%. Among the major cities, Dhaka, Gazipur, Chattogram, and Narayanganj were found to be more influenced by the restricted emissions. In Dhaka, NO2 and SO2 concentrations were decreased approximately by 69 and 67%, respectively. Our analysis reveals that NO2 concentrations are highly correlated with the regional COVID-19 cases (r = 0.74). The study concludes that the lockdown measures significantly reduced air pollution because of reduced vehicular and industrial emissions in Bangladesh.

SUBMITTER: Islam MS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7474497 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Impacts of nationwide lockdown due to COVID-19 outbreak on air quality in Bangladesh: a spatiotemporal analysis.

Islam Md Sariful MS Tusher Tanmoy Roy TR Roy Shimul S Rahman Mizanur M

Air quality, atmosphere, & health 20200905 3

In Bangladesh, a nationwide lockdown was imposed on 26 March 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to restricted emissions, it was hypothesized that the air quality has been improved during lockdown throughout the country. The study is intended to assess the impact of nationwide lockdown measures on air quality in Bangladesh. We analyzed satellite data for four different air pollutants (NO2, SO2, CO, and O3) to assess the changes in the atmospheric concentratio ...[more]

PMID: 32922562

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Project description:Worldwide improved air quality in different cities is reported influenced by lockdown came in force due to COVID-19 pandemic; however, as expected, such changes might have been different in different places. And what is still not very clear whether air quality pollutants have some link to account COVID-19 positive cases and death tolls. This study aims to evaluate the spatiotemporal variability of air pollutants and their relationship to COVID-19 positive cases in major cities in Bangladesh. The relevant data of air pollutants and COVID-19 positive cases are collected, analyzed, discussed for lockdown period of 26 March to 26 April 2020 in comparison to data for same period averaging over 2013 to 2019 for eight major cities in Bangladesh. To characterize air pollutants affected by lockdown, trend and rate of changes were carried out using Mann-Kandle and Sen's slope methods, while spatial variability across the cities was done using ArcGIS and statistics within ArcGIS. The substantial reduction of mean concentrations in the range of 30-65%, 20-80%, 30 - 80%, 65 - 90% and 75 - 90% across the cities is found during lockdown compared to typical mean in previous years for the PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO, and NO2 concentrations in air. Among the cities studied, it is seen that relatively lesser reduction in Dhaka, Gazipur and Narayanganj and moderate reduction in Chittagong, Rajshahi, Khulna and Barisal, while significantly bigger reduction in Sylhet influenced by the city attributes and climatic variabilities. Among all the pollutants studied, the increasing trends of NO2 and CO in Dhaka, Gazipur and Narayanganj are unexpected even in lockdown pointing the effectiveness of lockdown management. Correlation among the air pollutants and confirmed COVID-19 cases across the cities depict foggy relationship, while PCA integrated over the cities revealed association with gaseous pollutants pointing stronger effects of NO2. This relationship illustrates air pollution health effects may increase vulnerability to COVID-19 cases.

Dataset Information

Impacts of nationwide lockdown due to COVID-19 outbreak on air quality in Bangladesh: a spatiotemporal analysis.

Publications

Impacts of nationwide lockdown due to COVID-19 outbreak on air quality in Bangladesh: a spatiotemporal analysis.

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