Dataset Information

The Temporal Window of Visual Processing in Aging.

ABSTRACT: Purpose:Aging affects a variety of visual functions. In this study, we aim to quantitatively investigate the temporal characteristics of visual processing in aging. Methods:Twelve younger (24.1 ± 1.6 years) and 12 older observers (58.4 ± 3.6 years) participated in the study. All participants had normal or corrected-to-normal vision. The contrast thresholds of the participants were measured using an orientation discrimination task with white external noise masks. The target-mask stimulus onset asynchronies were 16.7 ms, 33.4 ms, 50.0 ms, 83.4 ms, and ? (no external noise masks) in separate conditions. The signal stimulus was carefully chosen such that it was equally visible for the younger and older participants. An elaborated perceptual template model (ePTM) was fit to the data of each participant. Results:Without masks, there was no difference in contrast thresholds between the younger and older groups (P = 0.707). With masks, contrast thresholds in the older group elevated more than those in the younger group, and the pattern of threshold elevation differed in the two groups. The ePTM fitted the data well, with the older observers having lower template gains than the younger observers (P = 3.58 × 10-6). A further analysis of the weight parameters of the temporal window revealed that the older observers had a flatter temporal window than the younger observers (P = 0.025). Conclusions:Age-related temporal processing deficits were found in older observers with normal contrast sensitivity to the signal stimuli. The deficits were accounted for by the inferior temporal processing window of the visual system in aging.

SUBMITTER: He X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7405705 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Temporal Window of Visual Processing in Aging.

He Xianghang X Shen Menglu M Cui Rong R Zheng Haiyan H Ruan Xiaowei X Lu Zhong-Lin ZL Hou Fang F

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20200501 5

<h4>Purpose</h4>Aging affects a variety of visual functions. In this study, we aim to quantitatively investigate the temporal characteristics of visual processing in aging.<h4>Methods</h4>Twelve younger (24.1 ± 1.6 years) and 12 older observers (58.4 ± 3.6 years) participated in the study. All participants had normal or corrected-to-normal vision. The contrast thresholds of the participants were measured using an orientation discrimination task with white external noise masks. The target-mask st ...[more]

PMID: 32462200

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Project description:Audio-visual integration relies on temporal synchrony between visual and auditory inputs. However, differences in traveling and transmitting speeds between visual and auditory stimuli exist; therefore, audio-visual synchrony perception exhibits flexible functions. The processing speed of visual stimuli affects the perception of audio-visual synchrony. The present study examined the effects of visual fields, in which visual stimuli are presented, for the processing of audio-visual temporal synchrony. The point of subjective simultaneity, the temporal binding window, and the rapid recalibration effect were measured using temporal order judgment, simultaneity judgment, and stream/bounce perception, because different mechanisms of temporal processing have been suggested among these three paradigms. The results indicate that auditory stimuli should be presented earlier for visual stimuli in the central visual field than in the peripheral visual field condition in order to perceive subjective simultaneity in the temporal order judgment task conducted in this study. Meanwhile, the subjective simultaneity bandwidth was broader in the central visual field than in the peripheral visual field during the simultaneity judgment task. In the stream/bounce perception task, neither the point of subjective simultaneity nor the temporal binding window differed between the two types of visual fields. Moreover, rapid recalibration occurred in both visual fields during the simultaneity judgment tasks. However, during the temporal order judgment task and stream/bounce perception, rapid recalibration occurred only in the central visual field. These results suggest that differences in visual processing speed based on the visual field modulate the temporal processing of audio-visual stimuli. Furthermore, these three tasks, temporal order judgment, simultaneity judgment, and stream/bounce perception, each have distinct functional characteristics for audio-visual synchrony perception. Future studies are necessary to confirm the effects of compensation regarding differences in the temporal resolution of the visual field in later cortical visual pathways on visual field differences in audio-visual temporal synchrony.

Dataset Information

The Temporal Window of Visual Processing in Aging.

Publications

The Temporal Window of Visual Processing in Aging.

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