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NMR characterization of rearranged staurosporine aglycone analogues from the marine sponge Damiria sp.

ABSTRACT: The indolocarbazole family of bisindole alkaloids is best known for the natural product staurosporine, a protein kinase C inhibitor that belongs to the indolo[2,3-a]carbazole structural class. A large number of other indolo[2,3-a]carbazoles have subsequently been isolated and identified, but other isomeric forms of indolocarbazole natural products have rarely been reported. An extract of the marine sponge Damiria sp., which represents an understudied genus, provided two novel alkaloids named damirines A (1) and B (2). Their structures were assigned by comprehensive NMR spectroscopic analyses, and for compound 2, this included application of the LR-HSQMBC pulse sequence, a long-range heteronuclear correlation experiment that has particular utility for defining proton-deficient scaffolds. The damirines represent a new hexacyclic carbon-nitrogen framework comprised of an indolo[3,2-a]carbazole fused with either an aminoimidazole or a imidazolone ring. Compound 1 showed selective cytotoxic properties toward six different cell lines in the NCI-60 cancer screen.

SUBMITTER: Tran TD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7428849 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Staphylococcus epidermidis, the common inhabitant of human skin and mucosal surfaces has emerged as an important pathogen in patients receiving surgical implants and medical devices. Entering the body via surgical sites and colonizing the medical devices through formation of multi-layered biofilms it leads to refractory and persistent device-related infections (DRIs). Staphylococcal proportions within biofilms are more tolerant to antibiotics and immune responses, and thus are hard-to-treat. The consequent morbidity and mortality, and economic losses in health care systems has strongly necessitated the need for development of new anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm based therapeutics. In this study, we describe the biological activity of a marine sponge-derived Streptomyces sp. SBT348 extract in restraining staphylococcal growth and biofilm formation on polystyrene, glass, medically relevant titan metal and silicone surfaces. A bio-assay guided fractionation was performed to isolate the active compound (C3) from the crude SBT348 extract. Our results demonstrated that C3 effectively inhibits the growth (MIC: 31.25 µg/ml) and biofilm formation (sub-MIC range: 1.95-<31.25 µg/ml) of S. epidermidis RP62A in vitro. Chemical characterization of C3 by heat and enzyme treatments, and High-Resolution Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) revealed its heat-stable and non-proteinaceous nature, and high molecular weight (1258. 3257 Da). Cytotoxicity profiling of C3 in vitro on mouse fibroblast (NIH/3T3) and macrophage (J774.1) cell lines, and in vivo on the greater wax moth larvae Galleria melonella revealed its non-toxic nature at the effective dose. Transcriptome analysis of C3 treated-S. epidermidis RP62A has further unmasked the negative effect of C3 on central metabolism (carbon, amino acid and protein, lipids, nucleotide and energy) suggesting its mode of action. Taken together, these findings suggest that C3 could be possibly used as antibacterial and antibiofilm coatings on medically-relevant surfaces and prevent the relapsing staphylococcal DRIs.

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NMR characterization of rearranged staurosporine aglycone analogues from the marine sponge Damiria sp.

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