Dataset Information

Increased Expression on Innate Immune Factors in Placentas From HIV-Infected Mothers Concurs With Dampened Systemic Immune Activation.

ABSTRACT: Innate immunity is one of the main protection mechanisms against viral infections, but how this system works at the maternal-fetal interface, especially during HIV infection, is still poorly known. In this study, we investigated the relationship between pregnancy and innate mechanisms associated with HIV immunity by evaluating the expression of DAMPs, inflammasome components and type I/III IFNs in placenta and serum samples from HIV-infected mothers and exposed newborns. Our results showed that most of these factors, including HMGB1, IL-1, and IFN, were increased in placental villi from HIV-infected mothers. Curiously, however, these factors were simultaneously repressed in serum from HIV-infected mothers and their exposed newborns, suggesting that pregnancy could restrict HIV immune activation systemically but preserve the immune response at the placental level. An effective local antiviral status associated with a suppressed inflammatory environment can balance the maternal immune response, promoting homeostasis for fetal development and protection against HIV infection in neonates.

SUBMITTER: Pereira NZ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7477039 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Increased Expression on Innate Immune Factors in Placentas From HIV-Infected Mothers Concurs With Dampened Systemic Immune Activation.

Pereira Nátalli Zanete NZ Branco Anna Cláudia Calvielli Castelo ACCC Manfrere Kelly Cristina Gomes KCG de Lima Josenilson Feitosa JF Yoshikawa Fabio Seiti Yamada FSY Milanez Helaine Maria Besteti Pires Mayer HMBPM Pereira Naiura Vieira NV Sotto Miriam Nacagami MN Duarte Alberto José da Silva AJDS Sato Maria Notomi MN

Frontiers in immunology 20200825

Innate immunity is one of the main protection mechanisms against viral infections, but how this system works at the maternal-fetal interface, especially during HIV infection, is still poorly known. In this study, we investigated the relationship between pregnancy and innate mechanisms associated with HIV immunity by evaluating the expression of DAMPs, inflammasome components and type I/III IFNs in placenta and serum samples from HIV-infected mothers and exposed newborns. Our results showed that ...[more]

PMID: 32983090

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Project description:Programs for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV have reduced the transmission rate of perinatal HIV infection and have thereby increased the number of HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants. Natural immunity to HIV-1 infection in both mothers and newborns needs to be further explored. In this study, we compared the expression of antiviral restricting factors in HIV-infected pregnant mothers treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnancy (n=23) and in cord blood (CB) (n=16), placental tissues (n=10-13) and colostrum (n=5-6) samples and compared them to expression in samples from uninfected (UN) pregnant mothers (n=21). Mononuclear cells (MNCs) were prepared from maternal and CB samples following deliveries by cesarean section. Maternal (decidua) and fetal (chorionic villus) placental tissues were obtained, and colostrum was collected 24 h after delivery. The mRNA and protein expression levels of antiviral factors were then evaluated. We observed a significant increase in the mRNA expression levels of antiviral factors in MNCs from HIV-infected mothers and CB, including the apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme 3G (A3G), A3F, tripartite motif family-5? (TRIM-5?), TRIM-22, myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA), stimulator of interferon (IFN) genes (STING) and IFN-?, compared with the levels detected in uninfected (UN) mother-CB pairs. Moreover, A3G transcript and protein levels and ?-defensin transcript levels were decreased in the decidua of HIV-infected mothers. Decreased TRIM-5? protein levels in the villi and increased STING mRNA expression in both placental tissues were also observed in HIV-infected mothers compared with uninfected (UN) mothers. Additionally, colostrum cells from infected mothers showed increased tetherin and IFN-? mRNA levels and CXCL9 protein levels. The data presented here indicate that antiviral restricting factor expression can be induced in utero in HIV-infected mothers. Future studies are warranted to determine whether this upregulation of antiviral factors during the perinatal period has a protective effect against HIV-1 infection.

Dataset Information

Increased Expression on Innate Immune Factors in Placentas From HIV-Infected Mothers Concurs With Dampened Systemic Immune Activation.

Publications

Increased Expression on Innate Immune Factors in Placentas From HIV-Infected Mothers Concurs With Dampened Systemic Immune Activation.

Similar Datasets

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