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An integrative multi-omics network-based approach identifies key regulators for breast cancer.

ABSTRACT: Although genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have successfully identified thousands of risk variants for human complex diseases, understanding the biological function and molecular mechanisms of the associated SNPs involved in complex diseases is challenging. Here we developed a framework named integrative multi-omics network-based approach (IMNA), aiming to identify potential key genes in regulatory networks by integrating molecular interactions across multiple biological scales, including GWAS signals, gene expression-based signatures, chromatin interactions and protein interactions from the network topology. We applied this approach to breast cancer, and prioritized key genes involved in regulatory networks. We also developed an abnormal gene expression score (AGES) signature based on the gene expression deviation of the top 20 rank-ordered genes in breast cancer. The AGES values are associated with genetic variants, tumor properties and patient survival outcomes. Among the top 20 genes, RNASEH2A was identified as a new candidate gene for breast cancer. Thus, our integrative network-based approach provides a genetic-driven framework to unveil tissue-specific interactions from multiple biological scales and reveal potential key regulatory genes for breast cancer. This approach can also be applied in other complex diseases such as ovarian cancer to unravel underlying mechanisms and help for developing therapeutic targets.

SUBMITTER: Chen YX

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7585874 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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An integrative multi-omics network-based approach identifies key regulators for breast cancer.

Chen Yi-Xiao YX Rong Yu Y Jiang Feng F Chen Jia-Bin JB Duan Yuan-Yuan YY Dong Shan-Shan SS Zhu Dong-Li DL Chen Hao H Yang Tie-Lin TL Dai Zhijun Z Guo Yan Y

Computational and structural biotechnology journal 20201008

Although genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have successfully identified thousands of risk variants for human complex diseases, understanding the biological function and molecular mechanisms of the associated SNPs involved in complex diseases is challenging. Here we developed a framework named integrative multi-omics network-based approach (IMNA), aiming to identify potential key genes in regulatory networks by integrating molecular interactions across multiple biological scales, including ...[more]

PMID: 33133424

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Project description:BackgroundBreast cancer is a genetically heterogeneous type of cancer that belongs to the most prevalent types with a high mortality rate. Treatment and prognosis of breast cancer would profit largely from a correct classification and identification of genetic key drivers and major determinants driving the tumorigenesis process. In the light of the availability of tumor genomic and epigenomic data from different sources and experiments, new integrative approaches are needed to boost the probability of identifying such genetic key drivers. We present here an integrative network-based approach that is able to associate regulatory network interactions with the development of breast carcinoma by integrating information from gene expression, DNA methylation, miRNA expression, and somatic mutation datasets.ResultsOur results showed strong association between regulatory elements from different data sources in terms of the mutual regulatory influence and genomic proximity. By analyzing different types of regulatory interactions, TF-gene, miRNA-mRNA, and proximity analysis of somatic variants, we identified 106 genes, 68 miRNAs, and 9 mutations that are candidate drivers of oncogenic processes in breast cancer. Moreover, we unraveled regulatory interactions among these key drivers and the other elements in the breast cancer network. Intriguingly, about one third of the identified driver genes are targeted by known anti-cancer drugs and the majority of the identified key miRNAs are implicated in cancerogenesis of multiple organs. Also, the identified driver mutations likely cause damaging effects on protein functions. The constructed gene network and the identified key drivers were compared to well-established network-based methods.ConclusionThe integrated molecular analysis enabled by the presented network-based approach substantially expands our knowledge base of prospective genomic drivers of genes, miRNAs, and mutations. For a good part of the identified key drivers there exists solid evidence for involvement in the development of breast carcinomas. Our approach also unraveled the complex regulatory interactions comprising the identified key drivers. These genomic drivers could be further investigated in the wet lab as potential candidates for new drug targets. This integrative approach can be applied in a similar fashion to other cancer types, complex diseases, or for studying cellular differentiation processes.

Project description:Recent technological advances and international efforts, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), have made available several pan-cancer datasets encompassing multiple omics layers with detailed clinical information in large collection of samples. The need has thus arisen for the development of computational methods aimed at improving cancer subtyping and biomarker identification from multi-modal data. Here we apply the Integrative Network Fusion (INF) pipeline, which combines multiple omics layers exploiting Similarity Network Fusion (SNF) within a machine learning predictive framework. INF includes a feature ranking scheme (rSNF) on SNF-integrated features, used by a classifier over juxtaposed multi-omics features (juXT). In particular, we show instances of INF implementing Random Forest (RF) and linear Support Vector Machine (LSVM) as the classifier, and two baseline RF and LSVM models are also trained on juXT. A compact RF model, called rSNFi, trained on the intersection of top-ranked biomarkers from the two approaches juXT and rSNF is finally derived. All the classifiers are run in a 10x5-fold cross-validation schema to warrant reproducibility, following the guidelines for an unbiased Data Analysis Plan by the US FDA-led initiatives MAQC/SEQC. INF is demonstrated on four classification tasks on three multi-modal TCGA oncogenomics datasets. Gene expression, protein expression and copy number variants are used to predict estrogen receptor status (BRCA-ER, N = 381) and breast invasive carcinoma subtypes (BRCA-subtypes, N = 305), while gene expression, miRNA expression and methylation data is used as predictor layers for acute myeloid leukemia and renal clear cell carcinoma survival (AML-OS, N = 157; KIRC-OS, N = 181). In test, INF achieved similar Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) values and 97% to 83% smaller feature sizes (FS), compared with juXT for BRCA-ER (MCC: 0.83 vs. 0.80; FS: 56 vs. 1801) and BRCA-subtypes (0.84 vs. 0.80; 302 vs. 1801), improving KIRC-OS performance (0.38 vs. 0.31; 111 vs. 2319). INF predictions are generally more accurate in test than one-dimensional omics models, with smaller signatures too, where transcriptomics consistently play the leading role. Overall, the INF framework effectively integrates multiple data levels in oncogenomics classification tasks, improving over the performance of single layers alone and naive juxtaposition, and provides compact signature sizes.

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An integrative multi-omics network-based approach identifies key regulators for breast cancer.

Publications

An integrative multi-omics network-based approach identifies key regulators for breast cancer.

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