Dataset Information

Lower abdominal and pelvic radiation and testicular germ cell tumor risk.

ABSTRACT: Background: Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) incidence has increased in recent decades along with the use and dose of diagnostic radiation. Here we examine the association between reported exposure to diagnostic radiation and TGCT risk.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study of men with and without TGCT recruited from hospital- and population-based settings. Participants reported on exposures to 1) x-ray or CT below the waist and 2) lower GI series or barium enema, which consists of a series of x-rays of the colon. We also derived a combined measure of exposure. We used logistic regression to determine the risk of developing TGCT according to categories of exposures (0, 1-2, or ?3 exposures) and age at first exposure, adjusting for age, year of birth, race, county, body mass index at diagnosis, family history of TGCT, and personal history of cryptorchidism.

Results: There were 315 men with TGCT and 931 men without TGCT in our study. Compared to no exposures, risk of TGCT was significantly elevated among those reporting at least three exposures to x-ray or CT (OR?3 exposures, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.15-2.76; p = 0.010), lower GI series or barium enema (OR?3 exposures, 4.58; 95% CI, 2.39-8.76; p<0.001), and the combined exposure variable (OR?3 exposures, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.05-2.42; p = 0.029). The risk of TGCT was elevated for those exposed to diagnostic radiation at age 0-10 years, compared to those first exposed at age 18 years or later, although this association did not reach statistical significance (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 0.91-4.42; p = 0.086).

Conclusions: Exposure to diagnostic radiation below the waist may increase TGCT risk. If these results are validated, efforts to reduce diagnostic radiation doses to the testes should be prioritized.

SUBMITTER: Nead KT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7657535 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lower abdominal and pelvic radiation and testicular germ cell tumor risk.

Nead Kevin T KT Mitra Nandita N Weathers Benita B Pyle Louisa L Emechebe Nnadozie N Pucci Donna A DA Jacobs Linda A LA Vaughn David J DJ Nathanson Katherine L KL Kanetsky Peter A PA

PloS one 20201111 11

<h4>Background</h4>Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) incidence has increased in recent decades along with the use and dose of diagnostic radiation. Here we examine the association between reported exposure to diagnostic radiation and TGCT risk.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a case-control study of men with and without TGCT recruited from hospital- and population-based settings. Participants reported on exposures to 1) x-ray or CT below the waist and 2) lower GI series or barium enema, which consis ...[more]

PMID: 33175879

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Project description:Cancer-testis (CT) genes are a group of genes restrictedly expressed in testis and multiple cancers and can serve as candidate driver genes participating in the development of cancers. Our previous study identified a number of CT genes in nongerm cell tumors, but their expression pattern in testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT), a cancer type characterized by less genomic alterations, remained largely unknown. In this study, we systematically investigated the expression pattern of CT genes in TGCT samples and evaluated the transcriptome difference between TGCT and normal testis tissues, using datasets from the UCSC Xena platform, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. Pathway enrichment analysis and survival analysis were conducted to evaluate the biological function and prognostic effect of expressed CT genes. We identified that 1036 testis-specific expressed protein-coding genes and 863 testis-specific expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were expressed in TGCT samples, including 883 CT protein-coding genes and 710 CT lncRNAs defined previously. The number of expressed CT genes was significantly higher in seminomas (P = 3.48 × 10-13 ) which were characterized by frequent mutations in driver genes (KIT, KRAS and NRAS). In contrast, the number of expressed CT genes showed a moderate negative correlation with the fraction of copy number altered genomes (cor = -0.28, P = 1.20 × 10-3 ). Unlike other cancers, our analysis revealed that 96.16% of the CT genes were down-regulated in TGCT samples, while CT genes in stem cell maintenance related pathways were up-regulated. Further survival analysis provided evidence that CT genes could also predict the prognosis of TGCT patients with both disease-free interval and progression-free interval as clinical endpoints. Taken together, our study provided a global view of CT genes in TGCT and provided evidence that CT genes played important roles in the progression and maintenance of TGCT.

Dataset Information

Lower abdominal and pelvic radiation and testicular germ cell tumor risk.

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Lower abdominal and pelvic radiation and testicular germ cell tumor risk.

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