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Development of biomimetic antimicrobial platelet-like particles comprised of microgel nanogold composites.

ABSTRACT: A blood clot is formed in response to bleeding by platelet aggregation and adherence to fibrin fibers. Platelets contract over time, stabilizing the clot, which contributes to wound healing. We have developed platelet-like particles (PLPs) that augment clotting and induce clot retraction by mimicking the fibrin-binding capabilities and morphology of native platelets. Wound repair following hemostasis can be complicated by infection; therefore, we aim to augment wound healing by combining PLPs with antimicrobial gold to develop nanogold composites (NGCs). PLPs were synthesized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm)/co-acrylic acid in a precipitation polymerization reaction and conjugated to a fibrin-specific antibody. Two methods were employed to create NGCs: 1) noncovalent swelling with aqueous gold nanospheres, and 2) covalent seeding and growth. Since the ability of PLPs to mimic platelet morphology and clot retraction requires a high degree of particle deformability, we investigated how PLPs created from NGCs affected these properties. Cryogenic Scanning Electron Microscopy (cryoSEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) demonstrated that particle deformability, platelet-mimetic morphology and clot retraction were maintained in NGC-based PLPs. The effect of NGCs on bacterial adhesion and growth was assessed with antimicrobial assays. These results demonstrate NGCs fabricated through noncovalent and covalent methods retain deformability necessary for clot collapse and exhibit some antimicrobial potential. Therefore, NGCs are promising materials for preventing hemorrhage and infection following trauma.

SUBMITTER: Sproul EP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7678143 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Development of biomimetic antimicrobial platelet-like particles comprised of microgel nanogold composites.

Sproul Erin P EP Nandi Seema S Chee Eunice E Sivadanam Supriya S Igo Benjamin J BJ Schreck Luisa L Brown Ashley C AC

Regenerative engineering and translational medicine 20190806

A blood clot is formed in response to bleeding by platelet aggregation and adherence to fibrin fibers. Platelets contract over time, stabilizing the clot, which contributes to wound healing. We have developed platelet-like particles (PLPs) that augment clotting and induce clot retraction by mimicking the fibrin-binding capabilities and morphology of native platelets. Wound repair following hemostasis can be complicated by infection; therefore, we aim to augment wound healing by combining PLPs wi ...[more]

PMID: 33225044

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Project description:Starch-based emulsion microgel particles with different starch (15 and 20 wt %) and oil contents (0-15 wt %) were synthesized, and their lubrication performance under physiological conditions was investigated. Emulsion microgels were subjected to skin mimicking or oral cavity mimicking conditions, i.e., smooth hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane ball-on-disc tribological tests, in the absence or presence of salivary enzyme (?-amylase). In the absence of enzyme, emulsion microgel particles (30-60 vol % particle content) conserved the lubricating properties of emulsion droplets, providing considerably lower friction coefficients (? ? 0.1) in the mixed lubrication regime compared to plain microgel particles (0 wt % oil). Upon addition of enzyme, the lubrication performance of emulsion microgel particles became strongly dependent on the particles' oil content. Microgel particles encapsulating 5-10 wt % oil showed a double plateau mixed lubrication regime having a lowest friction coefficient ? ? 0.03 and highest ? ? 0.1, the latter higher than with plain microgel particles. An oil content of 15 wt % was necessary for the microgel particles to lubricate similarly to the emulsion droplets, where both systems showed a normal mixed lubrication regime with ? ? 0.03. The observed trends in tribology, theoretical considerations, and the combined results of rheology, light scattering, and confocal fluorescence microscopy suggested that the mechanism behind the low friction coefficients was a synergistic enzyme- and shear-triggered release of the emulsion droplets, improving lubrication. The present work thus demonstrates experimentally and theoretically a novel biolubricant additive with stimuli-responsive properties capable of providing efficient boundary lubrication between soft polymeric surfaces. At the same time, the additive should provide an effective delivery vehicle for oil soluble ingredients in aqueous media. These findings demonstrate that emulsion microgel particles can be developed into multifunctional biolubricant additives for future use in numerous soft matter applications where both lubrication and controlled release of bioactives are essential.

Dataset Information

Development of biomimetic antimicrobial platelet-like particles comprised of microgel nanogold composites.

Publications

Development of biomimetic antimicrobial platelet-like particles comprised of microgel nanogold composites.

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