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The complete mitochondrial genome of Propsilocerus akamusi (Diptera, Chironomidae).

ABSTRACT: Propsilocerus akamusi is one of the most important genera of Chironomidae. However, the systemically classification and taxonomic studies have so far been limited. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of P. akamusi. The mitogenome has 15,632 base pairs (77.58% A + T content) and made up of total of 37 genes (13 protein-coding, 22 transfer RNAs, and 2 ribosomal RNAs). This study will provide useful genetic information for future phylogenetic and taxonomic classification of Chironomidae.

SUBMITTER: Zhang Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7707779 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Plenty of freshwater species, especially macroinvertebrates that are essential to the provision of numerous ecosystem functions, encounter higher mortality due to acute hypoxia. However, within the family Chironomidae, a wide range of tolerance to hypoxia/anoxia is displayed. Propsilocerus akamusi depends on this great tolerance to become a dominant species in eutrophic lakes. To further understand how P. akamusi responds to acute hypoxic stress, we used multi-omics analysis in combination with histomorphological characteristics and physiological indicators. Thus, we set up two groups-a control group (DO 8.4 mg/L) and a hypoxic group (DO 0.39 mg/L)-to evaluate enzyme activity and the transcriptome, metabolome, and histomorphological characteristics. With blue-black chromatin, cell tightness, cell membrane invagination, and the production of apoptotic vesicles, tissue cells displayed typical apoptotic features in the hypoxic group. Although lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), catalase (CAT), and Na+/K+ -ATPase (NKA) activities were dramatically enhanced under hypoxic stress, glycogen content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly reduced compared to the control group. The combined analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome, which further demonstrated, in addition to carbohydrates, including glycogen, the involvement of energy metabolism pathways, including fatty acid, protein, trehalose, and glyoxylate cycles, provided additional support for the aforementioned findings. Lactate is the end product of glycogen degradation, and HIF-1 plays an important role in promoting glycogenolysis in acute hypoxic conditions. However, we discovered that the ethanol tested under hypoxic stress likely originates from the symbiodinium of P. akamusi. These results imply that some parameters related to energy metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activities, and histomorphological features may be used as biomarkers of eutrophic lakes in Chironomus riparius larvae. The study also provides a scientific reference for assessing toxicity and favoring policies to reduce their impact on the environment.

Dataset Information

The complete mitochondrial genome of Propsilocerus akamusi (Diptera, Chironomidae).

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