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Soybean Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Harbor Highly Diverse Populations of Arthropod, Fungal and Plant Viruses.

ABSTRACT: Soybean thrips (Neohydatothrips variabilis) are one of the most efficient vectors of soybean vein necrosis virus, which can cause severe necrotic symptoms in sensitive soybean plants. To determine which other viruses are associated with soybean thrips, the metatranscriptome of soybean thrips, collected by the Midwest Suction Trap Network during 2018, was analyzed. Contigs assembled from the data revealed a remarkable diversity of virus-like sequences. Of the 181 virus-like sequences identified, 155 were novel and associated primarily with taxa of arthropod-infecting viruses, but sequences similar to plant and fungus-infecting viruses were also identified. The novel viruses were predicted to have positive-sense RNA, negative-stranded RNA, double-stranded RNA, and single-stranded DNA genomes. The assembled sequences included 100 contigs that represented at least 95% coverage of a virus genome or genome segment. Sequences represented 12 previously described arthropod viruses including eight viruses reported from Hubei Province in China, and 12 plant virus sequences of which six have been previously described. The presence of diverse populations of plant viruses within soybean thrips suggests they feed on and acquire viruses from multiple host plant species that could be transmitted to soybean. Assessment of the virome of soybean thrips provides, for the first time, information on the diversity of viruses present in thrips.

SUBMITTER: Thekke-Veetil T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7761488 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Simple Summary Soybean vein necrosis, caused by soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV) is an important viral disease of soybeans that can be seed borne or insect vectored. This plant viral disease affects seed qualitative parameters, including seed oil content. Increased damage is observed in late planted soybeans. The disease is widespread, and almost all soybean-growing states in USA are affected. Globally, SVNV is reported in Canada, the United States, Egypt and Pakistan. In order to manage the disease, it is important to understand the vector’s biology and the effect of SVNV on life table parameters (survival, longevity, mortality, doubling time, generation, rate of intrinsic increase) of vector soybean thrips, which can help to establish pest management predictive models. We used an age-stage two-sex life table estimation model to define the effect of SVNV on the life parameters of male and female soybean thrips. Overall, we found that SVNV infection increased viruliferous thrips survival, longevity, gross reproduction rate, life expectancy and decreased population doubling time. Overall viruliferous thrips benefit from SVNV infection and transmission due to better survival, longevity and increased fitness. Abstract Soybean vein necrosis orthotospovirus (SVNV: Tospoviridae: Orthotospovirus), the causal agent of soybean vein necrosis disease, is vectored by soybean thrips Neohydatothrips variabilis (Beach, 1896), and to a lesser extent by five other thrips species. There is increasing incidence of soybean vein necrosis (SVN) disease in all soybean growing states in the United States, Canada, Egypt and Pakistan, necessitating a study of the system’s ecology and management. We addressed the effect of SVNV on the life table parameters of the vector. We used an ‘age-stage two-sex’ life table approach, which provided detailed life stage durations of each larval instar and adults (both sexes). Our results showed that the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ) and mortality index (qx) were higher in the infected population, while the net reproduction rate (Ro), cumulative probability of survival (lx) and gross reproduction rate (GRR) were lower in the uninfected population. Overall, in both infected and uninfected populations, the number of eggs producing haploid males via arrhenotoky ranged from 9–12 per female. Male to female ratio was female biased in the infected population. Overall, our study provided evidence that virus infection, by decreasing the population doubling time, could enhance the virus and vector populations in soybeans.

Dataset Information

Soybean Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Harbor Highly Diverse Populations of Arthropod, Fungal and Plant Viruses.

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