Biomarkers in acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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ABSTRACT: Purpose of review
This article provides an overview of protein biomarkers for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and their potential use in future clinical trials.Recent findings
The protein biomarkers studied as indices of biological processes involved in the pathogenesis of ARDS may have diagnostic and/or prognostic value. Recently, they also proved useful for identifying ARDS phenotypes and assessing heterogeneity of treatment effect in retrospective analyses of completed clinical trials.Summary
This article summarizes the current research on ARDS biomarkers and provides insights into how they should be integrated as prognostic and predictive enrichment tools in future clinical trials.
SUBMITTER: Jabaudon M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7774234 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute inflammatory process of the lung caused by a direct or indirect insult to the alveolar-capillary membrane. Currently, ARDS is diagnosed based on a combination of clinical and physiological variables. The lack of a specific biomarker for ARDS is arguably one of the most important obstacles to progress in developing novel treatments for ARDS. In this article, we will review the current understanding of some appealing biomarkers that have been measured in human blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) or exhaled gas that could be used for identifying patients with ARDS, for enrolling ARDS patients into clinical trials, or for better monitoring of patient's management. After a literature search, we identified several biomarkers that are associated with the highest sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis or outcome prediction of ARDS: receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), surfactant protein D (SP-D), inteleukin-8, Fas and Fas ligand, procollagen peptide (PCP) I and III, octane, acetaldehyde, and 3-methylheptane. In general, these are cell-specific for epithelial or endothelial injury or involved in the inflammatory or infectious response. No biomarker or biomarkers have yet been confirmed for the diagnosis of ARDS or prediction of its prognosis. However, it is anticipated that in the near future, using biomarkers for defining ARDS, or for determining those patients who are more likely to benefit from a given therapy will have a major effect on clinical practice.
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