Dataset Information

Comparison of cumulative dietary exposure to pesticide residues for the reference periods 2014-2016 and 2016-2018.

ABSTRACT: Retrospective dietary exposure assessments were conducted for pesticides that have chronic effects on the thyroid and pesticides that have acute effects on the nervous system. Exposure assessments were performed using monitoring data collected by Member States under their official pesticide monitoring programmes in 2016, 2017 and 2018. Exposure estimates were obtained for 10 populations of consumers (i.e. from different countries and from different age groups) by means of a two-dimensional probabilistic model. Results were compared to those previously obtained for the years 2014, 2015 and 2016, and exposure did not change significantly over time. However, an increase of the sampling uncertainty was identified for one pesticide in a specific food commodity. Strategies are therefore recommended to reduce the sampling uncertainty and to anticipate potential problems before initiating a cumulative risk assessment.

SUBMITTER: European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7869021 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparison of cumulative dietary exposure to pesticide residues for the reference periods 2014-2016 and 2016-2018.

Dujardin Bruno B

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority 20210208 2

Retrospective dietary exposure assessments were conducted for pesticides that have chronic effects on the thyroid and pesticides that have acute effects on the nervous system. Exposure assessments were performed using monitoring data collected by Member States under their official pesticide monitoring programmes in 2016, 2017 and 2018. Exposure estimates were obtained for 10 populations of consumers (i.e. from different countries and from different age groups) by means of a two-dimensional proba ...[more]

PMID: 33598048

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Anti-androgenic phthalates are reproductive toxicants that may have additive effects on male development. Diet is the primary exposure source for most phthalates, which contaminate the food supply through food contact materials and industrialized production. OBJECTIVE:To compare dietary sources of cumulative phthalates exposure between "food at home" (e.g. food consumed from a grocery store) and "food away from home" (e.g. food consumed from fast food/restaurants and cafeterias) in the U.S. general population. METHODS:We estimated cumulative phthalates exposure by calculating daily intake from metabolite concentrations in urinary spot samples for 10,253 participants (?6?years old) using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2014) data. We constructed a biologically relevant metric of phthalates daily intake (?androgen-disruptor, ?g/kg/day) by converting phthalates into anti-androgen equivalent terms prior to their summation. Particular foods and the percent of total energy intake (TEI) consumed from multiple dining out sources were ascertained from 24-h recall surveys. Associations with ?androgen-disruptor levels were estimated for children, adolescents, and adults using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS:We observed a consistent positive association between dining out and ?androgen-disruptor levels across the study population (p-trend <0.0001). Among adolescents, high consumers of foods outside the home had 55% (95% CI: 35%, 78%) higher ?androgen-disruptor levels compared to those who only consumed food at home. The contribution of specific dining out sources to ?androgen-disruptor levels varied by age group. For example, cafeteria food was associated with 15% (95% CI: 4.0%, 28%) and 64% (95% CI: 40%, 92%) higher ?androgen-disruptor levels in children and adults, respectively. Particular foods, especially sandwiches (i.e. cheeseburgers), were associated with increased ?androgen-disruptor levels only if they were purchased away from home (p?<?0.01). CONCLUSION:Dining out may be an important source of biologically relevant cumulative phthalates exposure among the U.S. POPULATION:Future studies should evaluate modifiable production practices that remove phthalates from the food supply in addition to the efficacy of interventions that promote eating fresh foods prepared at home.

Project description:Biogas plants (BGPs) produce methane and carbon dioxide through the anaerobic digestion of agricultural waste. Identification of strategies for more stable biogas plant operation and increased biogas yields require better knowledge about the individual degradation steps and the interactions within the microbial communities. The metaprotein profiles of ten agricultural BGPs and one laboratory reactor were investigated using a metaproteomics pipeline. Fractionation of samples using SDS-PAGE was combined with a high resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometer, metagenome sequences specific for BGPs, and the MetaProteomeAnalyzer software. This enabled us to achieve a high coverage of the metaproteome of the BGP microbial communities. The investigation revealed approx. 17,000 protein groups (metaproteins), covering the majority of the expected metabolic networks of the biogas process such as hydrolysis, transport, fermentation processes, amino acid metabolism, methanogenesis and bacterial C1-metabolism. Biological functions could be linked with the taxonomic composition. Two different types of BGPs were classified by the abundance of the acetoclastic methanogenesis and by abundance of enzymes implicating syntrophic acetate oxidation. Linking of the identified metaproteins with the process steps of the Anaerobic Digestion Model 1 proved the main model assumptions but indicated also some improvements such as considering syntrophic acetate oxidation. Beside the syntrophic interactions, the microbial communities in BGPs are also shaped by competition for substrates and host-phage interactions causing cell lysis. In particular, larger amounts of Bacteriophages for the bacterial families Bacillaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridiaceae, exceeding the cell number of the Bacteria by approximately four-fold. In contrast, less Bacteriophages were found for Archaea, but more CRISPR proteins were detected. On the one hand, the virus induced turnover of biomass might cause slow degradation of complex biomass in BGP. On the other hand, the lysis of bacterial cells allows cycling of essential nutrients.

Dataset Information

Comparison of cumulative dietary exposure to pesticide residues for the reference periods 2014-2016 and 2016-2018.

Publications

Comparison of cumulative dietary exposure to pesticide residues for the reference periods 2014-2016 and 2016-2018.

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