Dataset Information

Dataset produced by automated sand-rammer, clay-gun, and plate viscometer for three different tap-hole clays.

ABSTRACT: In pyrometallurgical furnace operation, tap-hole clay is injected into the tap-hole using a clay-gun. The goals are to stop the metal and/or slag from flowing and to create a seal between the furnace contents and the environment. The rheological properties of the tap-hole clay play an important role in this process. Some commercial manufacturers of tap-hole clay report the workability index (WI) of their products, based on sand-rammer technology and standardised procedures. In the paper presented here, datasets are presented for three different tap-hole clays where the effect of the choice in clay on the pilot-scale clay-gun was demonstrated and an automated sand-rammer was utilised to determine the standard WI as well as an extended WI. A plate viscometer, utilised in the characterisation of electrode paste, was applied as potential alternative technology utilised when characterising the rheological properties of tap-hole clays. In all three instances, the data collection process was automated with raw and/or filtered data, available as Excel spreadsheets, published in an online repository. For the purpose of this paper, the data was analysed and presented as graphs or in tables. The data will be of future use for further studies into the effect of tap-hole clay rheology on clay-gun performance.

SUBMITTER: Steenkamp JD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7892796 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dataset produced by automated sand-rammer, clay-gun, and plate viscometer for three different tap-hole clays.

Steenkamp Joalet Dalene JD Lindstad Charlotte C Lindstad Lars L

Data in brief 20210130

In pyrometallurgical furnace operation, tap-hole clay is injected into the tap-hole using a clay-gun. The goals are to stop the metal and/or slag from flowing and to create a seal between the furnace contents and the environment. The rheological properties of the tap-hole clay play an important role in this process. Some commercial manufacturers of tap-hole clay report the workability index (WI) of their products, based on sand-rammer technology and standardised procedures. In the paper presente ...[more]

PMID: 33659586

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Project description:Polymer-clay nanocomposites have greater thermal stability compared to the pristine polymer matrix. This can be attributed to the physical barrier provided by the inclusion of 2D clay nanoparticles (especially of the smectite group), together with radical trapping related to the distribution of specific 3d atoms in the inorganic phase. To elucidate the relevance of the Fe3+ distribution in this synergic effect, the iron atoms present in octahedral sheets of natural nontronite clay (Non, 5.6 wt % Fe) or in maghemite (M) nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3) were incorporated in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix. Na-laponite (Lap) clay was used to evaluate the contribution of the diffusion barrier effect to the increased thermal stability of a PMMA-Lap nanocomposite, as evidenced by the upshift of the thermogravimetric (TGA) curve compared to that for PMMA. The contribution of radical trapping to the thermal stability of the PMMA-Non nanocomposite was evidenced by a significant shift of the Fe K-edge rising edge position by -4.5 eV after iron reduction by heating in N2, while similar treatment of pristine nontronite did not lead to a significant rising edge shift in the X-ray absorption spectra (XAS). This downshift demonstrated the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe0, induced by the sequestration of radicals formed by PMMA depolymerization. Raman spectroscopy analysis evidenced the formation of graphitic char deposits above 400 °C, further improving the thermal stability of PMMA-Non by providing an additional physical barrier to mass transport. A fourth contribution of well-dispersed iron was the abstraction of carbon from the char by the iron carburization reaction, which hindered CO2 formation by oxidative coking. In contrast, no relevant contribution of graphitic layer deposition was observed for the PMMA-M-Lap nanocomposite, where its improved thermal stability was only due to the combined contributions of the gas diffusion barrier effect and radical trapping by iron atoms. The maghemite effectively captured the radicals confined by the clay sheets, resulting in significant stabilization of the nanocomposite, with a shift of the mass loss of the PMMA-M-Lap nanocomposite compared to PMMA-Lap.

Dataset Information

Dataset produced by automated sand-rammer, clay-gun, and plate viscometer for three different tap-hole clays.

Publications

Dataset produced by automated sand-rammer, clay-gun, and plate viscometer for three different tap-hole clays.

Similar Datasets

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