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Antidiabetic activity of aqueous stem bark extract of Annickia polycarpa in alloxan-induced diabetic mice

ABSTRACT:

Background and aim

There is a growing need to develop new drugs for type II diabetes mellitus (DM) from plant sources due to the high cost and adverse side effects of current drug therapies. To this end, the antidiabetic activity of aqueous stem-bark extract of A. polycarpa (APE) in alloxan-induced diabetic ICR mice was investigated.

Experimental procedure

The effect of APE (20, 100 and 500 mg/kg), glibenclamide and metformin as positive controls, were determined over 4 weeks on fasting blood glucose (FBG). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also conducted. The effects of these treatments on the morphology of the pancreas were assessed. In addition, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant properties of APE were determined.

Results and conclusion

APE, like glibenclamide and metformin, showed significant hypoglycaemic effect. The OGTT supported the hypoglycaemic effect. The destroyed pancreatic beta-cells in diabetic control mice were restored to normal by APE or drug treatment. APE showed antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH free radicals; this may be due to the presence of phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids. Thus, APE may act by restoring pancreatic beta-cell integrity through mopping of reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with the diabetic state, and thereby improving pancreatic function and consequently, the lowering of FBG levels. These findings provide ample evidence to validate the traditional use of A. polycarpa in the management of DM. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Aqueous stem bark extract of A. polycarpa (APE) possesses significant antidiabetic activity.• APE has the ability to cause the regeneration of beta cells of the pancreas.• APE’s possess antioxidant activity and may scavenge ROS, thus help in overcoming advanced complications of DM.• Alkaloids and phenolics (flavonoids) detected may be responsible for the hypoglycaemic and antioxidant activity of APE.

SUBMITTER: Lartey N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7936091 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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