Dataset Information

The impact of body weight trajectory from childhood on chronic inflammation in adulthood: The Bogalusa Heart Study.

ABSTRACT:

Importance

The impact of long-term burden of excessive body weight, beginning in childhood, on inflammatory status in adulthood has been poorly described.

Objective

To characterize the longitudinal body mass index (BMI) trajectory from childhood and examine its relationship with inflammatory status in adulthood.

Methods

We included 1285 adults who had 4-15 repeat measurements of BMI from childhood to adulthood. The area under the curve (AUC) of growth curves was calculated to characterize long-term burden (total AUC) and trends (incremental AUC) of BMI.

Results

After adjusting for covariates, higher values of BMI in terms of childhood and adulthood, as well as total and incremental AUC, were strongly associated with elevated levels of adult C-reactive protein (CRP) in the four race-sex groups. There were significant differences in linear and nonlinear curve parameters between the normal and high CRP groups for all race-sex groups (P < 0.01). Compared with participants who had consistently low BMI in both childhood and adulthood, participants with high BMI in adulthood had higher CRP levels (P < 0.001), irrespective of their childhood BMI status; participants with high BMI in childhood but low BMI in adulthood had similar adult CRP levels.

Interpretation

The impact of excessive body weight on inflammation is cumulative and exacerbated over time. The influence of childhood overweight/obesity on inflammatory status in adulthood can be alleviated by reducing adiposity in adulthood.

SUBMITTER: Yan Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7984006 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Aims/hypothesisThe aim of this study was to characterise longitudinal profiles of BMI from childhood and to examine the impact of level-independent childhood BMI trajectories on adult type 2 diabetes.MethodsThe longitudinal cohort consisted of 2449 adults (1613 white and 836 black) who had their BMI measured between four and 15 times from childhood (4-19 years) to adulthood (20-51 years) and fasting glucose measured in adulthood. Model-estimated levels and linear slopes of BMI at childhood age points were calculated in 1-year intervals using growth-curve parameters and their first derivatives, respectively.ResultsBMI from childhood to adulthood fit cubic growth curves; linear and non-linear curve parameters differed significantly between race-sex groups. BMI showed race and sex differences from 15 years onwards. Individuals with hyperglycaemia had higher long-term BMI levels than those who were normoglycaemic in race-sex groups. Linear and non-linear slope parameters of BMI differed consistently and significantly between adult hyperglycaemia groups. The OR of childhood BMI levels for ages 4-19 years was 1.45-1.83 (p < 0.001 for all) for adult hyperglycaemia after adjustment for confounders. Level-adjusted linear slopes of BMI at ages 10-19 years showed significantly positive associations with adult hyperglycaemia (OR 1.17-1.50, p < 0.01 for all). The associations of childhood BMI linear slopes with adult hyperglycaemia were not significant during the age period 5-9 years. The trends in these associations were consistent across race-sex groups.Conclusions/interpretationThese observations indicate that childhood BMI trajectories have a significant impact on adult diabetes, independent of BMI levels. The adolescence age period is a crucial window for the development of diabetes in later life, which has implications for early-life prevention.Data availabilityAll data and materials are publicly available at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Biologic Specimen and Data Repository and can be accessed at https://biolincc.nhlbi.nih.gov/studies/bhs .