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Tuning phenoxyl-substituted diketopyrrolopyrroles from quinoidal to biradical ground states through (hetero-)aromatic linkers.

ABSTRACT: Strongly fluorescent halochromic 2,6-di-tert-butyl-phenol-functionalised phenyl-, thienyl- and furyl-substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) dyes were deprotonated and oxidised to give either phenylene-linked DPP1˙˙ biradical (y ₀ = 0.75) with a singlet open shell ground state and a thermally populated triplet state (ΔE _ST = 19 meV; 1.8 kJ mol^-1; 0.43 kcal mol^-1) or thienylene/furylene-linked DPP2q and DPP3q compounds with closed shell quinoidal ground states. Accordingly, we identified the aromaticity of the conjugated (hetero-)aromatic bridge to be key for modulating the electronic character of these biradicaloid compounds and achieved a spin crossover from closed shell quinones DPP2q and DPP3q to open shell biradical DPP1˙˙ as confirmed by optical and magnetic spectroscopic studies (UV/vis/NIR, NMR, EPR) as well as computational investigations (spin-flip TD-DFT calculations in combination with CASSCF(4,4) and harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity (HOMA) analysis). Spectroelectrochemical studies and comproportionation experiments further prove the reversible formation of mixed-valent radical anions for the DPP2q and DPP3q quinoidal compounds with absorption bands edging into the NIR spectral region.

SUBMITTER: Rausch R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8179021 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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