The Effects of Insulin on Immortalized Rat Schwann Cells, IFRS1.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Saiki T
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8197103 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:The purpose of the present study is to influence of CA coating on immortalized Schwann cells in vitro in comparison to standard culture conditions as well as to laminin as a positive standard. CA is a homopolymer of polysialic acid (PSA), which has – attached to the neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) – emerged as particulate attractive candidate for promoting morphological plasticity of axonal processes during axonal path finding and activity-dependent remodelling. For this purpose self-spotted microarrays with 352 neurospecific genes were hybridized with mRNA from immortalized Schwann cells cultivated on different coating conditions: In order to enable a comprehensive comparison to the established coating material laminin as well as to standard coating conditions (cultivation on the cell culture surface) a loop-design has been chosen, which is based on the dye-swap design and facilitates a direct comparison of the different states.
2009-02-25 | GSE14944 | GEO
Project description:The purpose of the present study is to influence of CA coating on immortalized Schwann cells in vitro in comparison to standard culture conditions as well as to laminin as a positive standard. CA is a homopolymer of polysialic acid (PSA), which has â attached to the neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) â emerged as particulate attractive candidate for promoting morphological plasticity of axonal processes during axonal path finding and activity-dependent remodelling. For this purpose self-spotted microarrays with 352 neurospecific genes were hybridized with mRNA from immortalized Schwann cells cultivated on different coating conditions: In order to enable a comprehensive comparison to the established coating material laminin as well as to standard coating conditions (cultivation on the cell culture surface) a loop-design has been chosen, which is based on the dye-swap design and facilitates a direct comparison of the different states. Results from 3 microarrays are summarized in this study. The samples originate from different coatings. Microarrays were hybridized in a loop design with one common reference using a dye swap approach.
2010-06-23 | E-GEOD-14944 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Schwann cells play an important role in both the development and regeneration of peripheral nerves. Proliferation and differentiation of Schwann cells are critically dependent on changes in the levels of cAMP. ATP is a fast excitatory transmitter in the peripheral nervous system, inducing depolarization of the vagus nerve through occupancy of P2-purinergic receptors. In the present study we demonstrate that extracellular ATP stimulates phospholipase C and inhibits adenylate cyclase activities in cultured Schwann cells. Addition of ATP inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, forskolin- or isoprenaline-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. The rank order of potency corresponding to different purinergic receptor agonists was 2-methylthio-ATP > ATP = ADP > or = adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (ATP[S]) > UTP, consistent with the involvement of a P2y subtype. Adenosine and adenosine 5'-[alpha,beta-methylene]-triphosphate (pp[CH2pA) were ineffective. Preincubation with pertussis toxin completely blocked this inhibitory effect. When Schwann cells were pre-labelled with myo-[3H]inositol and incubated in Hanks' balanced salt solution containing Ca2+ and Mg2+, addition of ATP[S] resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in the release of InsP with a concomitant increase in intracellular free [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i). Under these conditions, the effects of both ATP and UTP were of lower magnitude. Removal of Ca2+ and Mg2+ from the assay medium resulted in a significant increase in the effects of ATP[S], ATP and UTP. The decreased response observed in the presence of both bivalent cations (1.2 mM Ca2+ and 1 mM Mg2+) could not be explained either by increased degradation of ATP by Ca2+/Mg2+-dependent nucleotidases or by cation influx. The rank order of potency for the effects of agonists on phospholipase C activity was ATP[S] = adenosine 5'[gamma-imido]triphosphate > ATP -UTP > ADP, indicating the involvement of a P(2U) receptor subtype in this response. Adenosine, AMP and pp[CH2]pA were ineffective. These results demonstrate that immortalized Schwann cells express P(2U) and P(2Y) purinoceptors, which are coupled to stimulation of phospholipase C and inhibition of adenylate cyclase, respectively. Our observations unveil signal-transduction pathways that may be used by ATP to regulate proliferation and differentiation of Schwann cells, and ultimately to influence nerve homeostasis.
| S-EPMC1217085 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundSchwann cells (SCs) are the principal glial cells of the peripheral nervous system with a wide range of biological functions. SCs play a key role in peripheral nerve regeneration and are involved in several hereditary peripheral neuropathies. The objective of this study was to gain new insight into the whole protein composition of SCs.ResultsTwo-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC-MS/MS) was performed to identify the protein expressions in primary cultured SCs of rats. We identified a total of 1,232 proteins, which were categorized into 20 functional classes. We also used quantitative real time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis to validate some of proteomics-identified proteins.ConclusionWe showed for the first time the proteome map of SCs. Our data could serve as a reference library to provide basic information for understanding SC biology.
| S-EPMC3338394 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Schwannomatosis, a rare form of neurofibromatosis, is characterized predominantly by multiple, often painful, schwannomas throughout the peripheral nervous system. The current standard of care for schwannomatosis is surgical resection. A major obstacle to schwannomatosis research is the lack of robust tumor cell lines. There is a great need for mechanistic and drug discovery studies of schwannomatosis, yet appropriate tools are not currently available. Schwannomatosis tumors are difficult to grow in culture as they survive only a few passages before senescence. Our lab has extensive experience in establishing primary and immortalized human Schwann cell cultures from normal tissue that retain their phenotypes after immortalization. Therefore we took on the challenge of creating immortalized human Schwann cell lines derived from tumors from schwannomatosis patients. We have established and fully characterized 2 schwannomatosis cell lines from 2 separate patients using SV40 virus large T antigen. One patient reported pain and the other did not. The schwannomatosis cell lines were stained with S100B antibodies to confirm Schwann cell identity. The schwannomatosis cells also expressed the Schwann cell markers, p75NTR, S100B, and NGF after multiple passages. Cell morphology was retained following multiple passaging and freeze/ thaw cycles. Gene expression microarray analysis was used to compare the cell lines with their respective parent tumors. No differences in key genes were detected, with the exception that several cell cycle regulators were upregulated in the schwannomatosis cell lines when compared to their parent tumors. This upregulation was apparently a product of cell culturing, as the schwannomatosis cells exhibited the same expression pattern of cell cycle regulatory genes as normal primary human Schwann cells. Cell growth was also similar between normal primary and immortalized tumor cells in culture. Accurate cell lines derived directly from human tumors will serve as invaluable tools for advancing schwannomatosis research, including drug screening.
| S-EPMC4682832 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Spinal cord has a limited capacity to repair; therefore, medical interventions are necessary for treatment of injuries. Transplantation of Schwann cells has shown a great promising result for spinal cord injury (SCI). However, harvesting Schwann cell has been limited due to donor morbidity and limited expansion capacity. Furthermore, accessible sources such as bone marrow stem cells have drawn attentions to themselves. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of bone marrow-derived Schwann cell on functional recovery in adult rats after injury. METHODS:Mesenchymal stem cells were cultured from adult rats' bone marrow and induced into Schwann cells in vitro. Differentiation was confirmed by immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR. Next, Schwann cells were seeded into collagen scaffolds and engrafted in 3 mm lateral hemisection defects. For 8 weeks, motor and sensory improvements were assessed by open field locomotor scale, narrow beam, and tail flick tests. Afterwards, lesioned spinal cord was evaluated by conventional histology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS:In vitro observations showed that differentiated cells had Schwann cell morphology and markers. In this study, we had four groups (n = 10 each): laminectomy, control, scaffold and scaffold + Schwann cells. Locomotor and sensory scores of cell grafted group were significantly better than control and scaffold groups. In histology, axonal regeneration and remyelination were better than control and scaffold groups. CONCLUSION:This study demonstrates that bone marrow-derived Schwann cells can be considered as a cell source for Schwann cells in SCI treatment.
| S-EPMC3770252 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Overexpression of the human mitochondrial ribosomal protein MRPS18-2 (S18-2) led to immortalization of primary rat embryonic fibroblasts (REFs). The derived cells (18IM) expressed embryonic stem cell markers. Noteworthy, genes encoding the COX family proteins were up-regulated significantly. It is known that the COX family proteins are involved in the regulation of immune response. In the present work we demonstrate that 18IM cells behave like stem cells when subjected to directed differentiation in vitro. However, unlike stem cells, 18IM cells do not develop tumors in vivo, in SCID mice. This phenomenon is observed due to the strong natural killer (NK) cell immunogenicity. 18IM cells were better recognized by NK cells, compared with primary REFs, as was shown by a standard NK killing assay. Our data explain asymmetry in behavior of stem-like cells in vivo and in vitro, and this support the notion that stem and/or cancer-initiating cells are preferred targets for NK-cells. Concluding, the S18-2 protein is a putative target for cancer vaccines.
| S-EPMC5630300 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Feeder cells are essential for the establishment and culture of pluripotent rat embryonic stem cells (ESC) in vitro. Therefore, we tested several fibroblast and epithelial cell lines derived from the female genital tract as feeder cells to further improve ESC culture conditions. The immortalized tumor derived rat fibroblast TRF-O3 cells isolated from a Dnd1-deficient teratoma were identified as optimal feeder cells supporting stemness and proliferation of rat ESC. The TRF-O3 cells were characterized as myofibroblasts by expression of fibroblast specific genes alpha-2 type I collagen, collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase alpha (II), vimentin, S100A4, and smooth muscle α-actin. Culture of inner cell masses (ICM) derived from WKY/Ztm rat blastocysts in 2i-LIF medium on TRF-O3 feeder cells lacking LIF, SCF and FGF2 expression resulted in pluripotent and germ-line competent rat ESC lines. Therein, genotyping confirmed up to 26% male ESC lines. On the other hand the TRF-O3 specific BMP4 expression was correlated with transcriptional activity of the mesodermal marker T-brachyury and the ectoderm specific nestin in the ESC line ES21 demonstrating mesodermal or ectodermal cell lineage differentiation processes within the ESC population. Substitution of 2i-LIF by serum-containing YPAC medium supplemented with TGF-β and rho kinase inhibitors or by 4i medium in combination with TRF-O3 feeder cells led to enhanced differentiation of ES21 cells and freshly isolated ICMs. These results suggest that the ESC culture conditions using TRF-O3 feeder cells and 2i-LIF medium supported the establishment of male ESC lines from WKY/Ztm rats, which represent a favored, permissive genetic background for rat ESC culture.
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Project description:Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a debilitating side effect of many pharmaceutical agents and is among the most common reasons why patients stop their treatment early. Dichloroacetate (DCA) is a therapeutic drug that inhibits the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), thereby modulating metabolic flux in cells. Despite success in improving outcomes of disease, reversible PN has been the single factor limiting the therapeutic potential for DCA. As a result, clinical trials for the drug have been halted prematurely. Establishing toxicity pathways in cells of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that are involved in DCA-induced PN would provide new opportunities to intervene and mitigate adverse side effects associated with DCA. We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying DCA-induced injury to both glial and neuronal cells. It was hypothesized that SCs would show activated transcriptional responses associated with oxidative damage and apoptosis at therapeutic doses while these responses will be absent or reduced in DRGs. Experiments were expected to pinpoint molecular mechanisms underlying DCA-induced neurotoxicity, and to reveal the window of therapeutic intervention to reduce side effects associated with DCA in clinical settings.
2024-04-27 | GSE218812 | GEO
Project description:We utilized DNase-Seq to identify open chromatin regions within Schwann cells. This data was used in conjunction with sequence conservation and transcription factor binding site prediction to identify putative cis-regulatory elements critical for Schwann cells. We used three independent biological replicates, and for our studies used sample 'barcode4' as a representative sample for all three. DNase HSS peaks were identified using F-Seq and HOMER, and overlapped to prioritize candidate regions. These regions were then verified using luciferase assays.
2017-08-24 | GSE81669 | GEO