Simultaneous occurrence of seasonal influenza virus and SARS CoV-2 strains Circulacion simultanea de virus de la gripe estacional y cepas SARS CoV-2
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Talebi Bezmin Abadi A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8220985 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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| S-EPMC7455101 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic affected the school-aged population because of the disease itself and due to the measures applied for prevention and control of the infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of population-based vaccination against COVID-19 on the incidence of infection in school settings. Material and Methods A retrospective descriptive study of COVID-19 cases and school outbreaks was carried out at the province level. Students, teachers and staff from different educational stages of the schools were included. The outcome measure was the incidence according to educational stage, case profile and clinic during the first of the academic year 2020/2021 versus the same period 2021/2022. Results The total incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in classrooms was 2470 cases per 100,000 population in the first trimester of the academic year 2020/2021 and 2720 cases per 100,000 population in the same period 2021/2022. The number of reported school outbreaks was 7 times higher in this second period; and the risk of infection in classrooms over 12 years of age (students and teachers) was reduced by 43.1% (vaccinated in high percentage). Conclusions This study shows a reduction in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection in students of higher educational stages (secondary and high school) during the first of the academic year 2021/2022 (group with high vaccination coverage at the beginning of the period) compared to the previous school year (without vaccination).
| S-EPMC10288310 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC11021358 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction After the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic, the number of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) has increased exponentially, and gastroenterologists and other specialists most likely will be involved in the care of those patients. Aim To evaluate the knowledge Latin American gastroenterologists and endoscopists (staff physicians and residents) have about the characteristics of COVID-19, as well as the prevention measures to be taken during endoscopic procedures. Materials and methods We conducted a cross-sectional study that included gastroenterologists and endoscopists from 9 Latin American countries. An electronic questionnaire was applied that was designed to evaluate the knowledge of symptoms, risk groups for severe disease, prevention measures, and the reprocessing of endoscopes utilized in patients with COVID-19. Results Information was obtained from 133 physicians. Ninety-five percent of them correctly identified the most frequent symptoms of the virus, and 60% identified the 3 risk groups for severe disease. Sixty-six percent of those surveyed did not consider it necessary to use standard precautions during endoscopic procedures, and 30% did not consider contact precautions necessary. Forty-eight percent of the participants surveyed were not familiar with the protocol for reprocessing the endoscopes utilized in patients with COVID-19. Conclusion The majority of the gastroenterologists and endoscopists surveyed were familiar with the signs and symptoms of COVID-19 and the populations at risk for complications. There was a lack of knowledge about prevention measures (during clinical care and endoscopic procedures) and the reprocessing of endoscopic equipment by 70% and 48%, respectively, of those surveyed. Dissemination and teaching strategies that increase the knowledge of specific biosafety measures must be carried out.
| S-EPMC7261444 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Seasonal influenza virus epidemics have a major impact on healthcare systems. Data on population susceptibility to emerging influenza virus strains during the interepidemic period can guide planning for resource allocation of an upcoming influenza season. This study sought to assess the population susceptibility to representative emerging influenza virus strains collected during the interepidemic period. The microneutralisation antibody titers (MN titers) of a human serum panel against representative emerging influenza strains collected during the interepidemic period before the 2018/2019 winter influenza season (H1N1-inter and H3N2-inter) were compared with those against influenza strains representative of previous epidemics (H1N1-pre and H3N2-pre). A multifaceted approach, incorporating both genetic and antigenic data, was used in selecting these representative influenza virus strains for the MN assay. A significantly higher proportion of individuals had a ⩾four-fold reduction in MN titers between H1N1-inter and H1N1-pre than that between H3N2-inter and H3N2-pre (28.5% (127/445) vs. 4.9% (22/445), P < 0.001). The geometric mean titer (GMT) of H1N1-inter was significantly lower than that of H1N1-pre (381 (95% CI 339-428) vs. 713 (95% CI 641-792), P < 0.001), while there was no significant difference in the GMT between H3N2-inter and H3N2-pre. Since A(H1N1) predominated the 2018-2019 winter influenza epidemic, our results corroborated the epidemic subtype.
| S-EPMC6805736 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), rapidly spread across the globe in 2019. With the emergence of the Omicron variant, COVID-19 shifted into an endemic phase. Given the anticipated rise in cases during the fall and winter seasons, the strategy of implementing seasonal booster vaccines for COVID-19 is becoming increasingly valuable to protect public health. This practice already exists for seasonal influenza vaccines to combat annual influenza seasons. Our goal was to investigate an easily modifiable vaccine platform for seasonal use against SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we evaluated the genetically modified influenza virus ΔNA(RBD) as an intranasal vaccine candidate for COVID-19. This modified virus was engineered to replace the coding sequence for the neuraminidase (NA) protein with a membrane-anchored form of the receptor binding domain (RBD) protein of SARS-CoV-2. We designed experiments to assess the protection of ΔNA(RBD) in K18-hACE2 mice using lethal (Delta) and non-lethal (Omicron) challenge models. Controls of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine and our lab's previously described intranasal virus like particle vaccine were used as comparisons. Immunization with ΔNA(RBD) expressing ancestral RBD elicited high anti-RBD IgG levels in the serum of mice, high anti-RBD IgA in lung tissue, and improved survival after Delta variant challenge. Modifying ΔNA(RBD) to express Omicron variant RBD shifted variant-specific antibody responses and limited viral burden in the lungs of mice after Omicron variant challenge. Overall, this data suggests that ΔNA(RBD) could be an effective intranasal vaccine platform that generates mucosal and systemic immunity towards SARS-CoV-2.
| S-EPMC11364132 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objectif Analyse de l’impact du premier mois de confinement lié à l’épidémie SARS-CoV-2 sur l’activité de consultation des otorhinolaryngologistes libéraux de l‘île de La Réunion. Méthode Étude observationnelle, multicentrique, prospective analysant l’activité de consultation de douze praticiens. Objectif principal Évaluer le nombre, les caractéristiques et les modalités des consultations réalisées. Objectifs secondaires : préciser les symptômes amenant les patients à consulter, les diagnostics évoqués, les prescriptions instaurées, les éventuelles conséquences néfastes et l’impact sur le chiffre d‘affaire. Résultats 693 consultations étaient réalisées, dont 50 % étaient demandées en urgence. 57,9 % des consultations étaient réalisées en présence du patient, 28,4 % étaient effectuées au téléphone et 13,7 % et en téléconsultation. Lors des consultations présentielles, les otorhinolaryngologistes portaient des gants et un masque respectivement dans 53,8 % et 92,2 % des cas. Le masque porté était de type chirurgical et de type FFP2 dans 71,6 % et 28,4 % de cas, respectivement. Les trois symptômes les plus fréquents (48,5 % des cas) étaient l’otalgie, les troubles de l’audition et les vertiges. Les trois diagnostics les plus fréquents (60,6 % des cas) étaient, les otites, les corps étrangers d’oreille (cérumen inclus) et les infections pharyngées. Les trois examens complémentaires les plus prescrits (74,3 % des cas) étaient l’imagerie, l’audiométrie, et l’avis d’un spécialiste médical. Les trois familles thérapeutiques les plus prescrites (52,7 % des cas) étaient les gouttes auriculaires, les antibiotiques, et les lavages de nez et/ou sprays nasaux. L’incidence des conséquences néfastes était de 0,001 % et aucun des otorhinolaryngologistes ou des patients ne semblait avoir été infecté par la Covid 19. Une baisse de 47,3 % à 91 % (médiane : 75,6 %) du chiffre d’affaire de consultation était notée. Conclusion Cette étude souligne la disponibilité et l’adaptabilité des ORL réunionnais libéraux en contexte épidémique malgré un impact économique très négatif.
| S-EPMC7301113 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Since COVID-19 and flu have similar symptoms, they are difficult to distinguish without an accurate diagnosis. Therefore, it is critical to quickly and accurately determine which virus was infected and take appropriate treatments when a person has an infection. This study developed a dual-mode surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based LFA strip that can diagnose SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus with high accuracy to reduce the false-negative problem of the commercial colorimetric LFA strip. Furthermore, using a single strip, it is feasible to detect SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus simultaneously. A clinical test was performed on 39 patient samples (28 SARS-CoV-2 positives, 6 influenza A virus positives, and 5 negatives), evaluating the clinical efficacy of the proposed dual-mode SERS-LFA strip. Our assay results for clinical samples show that the dual-mode LFA strip significantly reduced the false-negative rate for both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus.
| S-EPMC9441817 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction Les patients en hémodialyse chronique (HDC) ne peuvent rester confinés (séances de dialyse), et sont à risque de formes graves de COVID-19 (comorbidités, immunodépression). Leurs soignants sont également exposés. Description Objectif principal : prévalence à M0 de la séroconversion SARS-CoV-2 dans une cohorte de patients HDC. Objectifs secondaires : (1) prévalence à M0 de la séroconversion chez les soignants en dialyse ; (2) proportion de COVID-19 asymptomatiques, et association avec les caractéristiques cliniques et comorbidités ; (3) prévalence de la séroconversion à M0 chez les participants ayant présenté une COVID-19 documentée ; (4) cinétique de la séroconversion et évolution de l’épidémie (2e test à M3) ; (5) valeur prédictive d’une séroconversion à M0 sur le risque de COVID-19 symptomatique à M6 ; (7) performances diagnostiques intrinsèques du test rapide (vs gold standard sérologique). Méthodes Étude de cohorte multicentrique (NCT04420338), 4 centres de dialyse d’Aix-Marseille, tri à l’arrivée à chaque séance (signes cliniques de COVID-19) depuis début mars 2020 (arrivée de l’épidémie dans la région). Critères d’inclusion : âge ≥ 18 ans, patient HDC ou soignant de dialyse. Critères de non-inclusion : personne protégée. Déroulement : inclusion synchronisée des participants en juin 2020. Recueil des données cliniques et tests sérologiques rapides Biosynex à M0 et M3 (patients et soignants). Sérum prélevé à M0 et M3 (patients uniquement) pour la sérologie gold standard ultérieure (ELISA et séro-neutralisation). Suivi jusqu’à M6 (survenue d’une COVID-19 ?). Nombre de participants : 800 (561 patients, 239 soignants). Résultats Prévalence de la séroconversion à M0 chez les patients HDC et leurs soignants, prévalence des formes asymptomatiques, et association avec les caractéristiques cliniques et comorbidités. Conclusion Étude menée dans une région moyennement touchée par la pandémie, qui fera avancer les connaissances et l’organisation des soins en dialyse.
| S-EPMC7494288 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHuman spillovers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to dogs and the emergence of a highly contagious avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza virus have raised concerns on the role of dogs in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and their susceptibility to existing human and avian influenza viruses, which might result in further reassortment.MethodsWe systematically studied the replication kinetics of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, influenza A viruses of H1, H3, H5, H7, and H9 subtypes, and influenza B viruses of Yamagata-like and Victoria-like lineages in ex vivo canine nasal cavity, soft palate, trachea, and lung tissue explant cultures and examined ACE2 and sialic acid (SA) receptor distribution in these tissues.ResultsThere was limited productive replication of SARS-CoV-2 in canine nasal cavity and SARS-CoV in canine nasal cavity, soft palate, and lung, with unexpectedly high ACE2 levels in canine nasal cavity and soft palate. Canine tissues were susceptible to a wide range of human and avian influenza viruses, which matched with the abundance of both human and avian SA receptors.ConclusionsExistence of suitable receptors and tropism for the same tissue foster virus adaptation and reassortment. Continuous surveillance in dog populations should be conducted given the many chances for spillover during outbreaks.
| S-EPMC7799041 | biostudies-literature