Bubbling tinnitus caused by change in head position.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Noh H
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8380122 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:We demonstrate that a vibration-induced air inflow can cause vigorous bubbling in a bed of fine particles and report the mechanism by which this phenomenon occurs. When convective flow occurs in a powder bed as a result of vibrations, the upper powder layer with a high void ratio moves downward and is compressed. This process forces the air in the powder layer out, which leads to the formation of bubbles that rise and eventually burst at the top surface of the powder bed. A negative pressure is created below the rising bubbles. A narrow opening at the bottom allows the outside air to flow into the powder bed, which produces a vigorously bubbling fluidized bed that does not require the use of an external air supply system.
| S-EPMC3561622 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesTinnitus and hearing loss commonly coexist, however, the temporal relation between tinnitus and hearing loss is complex and not fully understood. Our objective was to examine the longitudinal association between persistent tinnitus, bothersome tinnitus, and 3-year elevation of audiometric hearing thresholds.DesignWe conducted a longitudinal cohort study among 3106 women (mean age 59 years) who were participants in the Nurses' Health Study II (2012-2018). Information on tinnitus was obtained from biennial questionnaires. Longitudinal changes in air conduction thresholds (0.5 to 8 kHz) were assessed by pure-tone audiometry conducted by licensed audiologists at 19 audiology testing sites across the United States. Logistic regression was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (MVORs, 95% confidence interval [CI]) and evaluate the relations of persistent tinnitus (several days per week or more), bothersome tinnitus (interferes with work, sleep, or daily activities), and risk of 3-year elevation of hearing thresholds.ResultsPersistent tinnitus was associated with higher risk of 3-year elevation of hearing thresholds across a broad range of frequencies. Compared with women without tinnitus, the MVORs (95% CI) for ≥5-dB threshold elevation among women with persistent tinnitus were 1.01 (0.81, 1.25) at 0.5 kHz, 1.45 (1.17, 1.81) at 1 kHz, 1.25 (1.00, 1.56) at 2 kHz, 1.34 (1.07, 1.69) at 3 kHz, 1.34 (1.06, 1.70) at 4 kHz, 1.49 (1.16, 1.91) at 6 kHz, and 1.63 (1.25, 2.12) at 8 kHz. The magnitudes of the associations for ≥10-dB threshold elevation were similar. The magnitudes of the associations were substantially greater among women with bothersome tinnitus. For example, compared with women without tinnitus, the MVORs (95% CI) for a ≥5- and ≥10-dB elevation of hearing thresholds at 4 kHz were 2.97 (1.50, 5.89) and 2.79 (1.38, 5.65), respectively. The risk was elevated even among women with tinnitus who had clinically normal hearing thresholds at baseline. In analyses that examined the association of tinnitus and elevation of low-, mid- and high-frequency pure-tone average (PTA) hearing thresholds, the results were similar. Compared with women without tinnitus, the MVORs (95% CI) for ≥5-dB PTA elevation among women with persistent tinnitus were 1.29 (0.99,1.67) for LPTA(0.5,1,2 kHz); 1.44 (1.16, 1.78) for MPTA(3,4 kHz); and 1.38 (1.11, 1.71) for HPTA(6,8 kHz). For ≥10-dB elevation, the MVORs were 2.85 (1.55, 5.23), 1.52 (1.10, 2.09), and 1.41 (1.10, 1.82), respectively.ConclusionPersistent tinnitus was associated with substantially higher risk of 3-year hearing threshold elevation, even among women with clinically normal baseline hearing. The magnitudes of the associations were greater among those with bothersome tinnitus. Monitoring hearing sensitivities may be indicated in patients with tinnitus, including those without audiometric evidence of hearing impairment.
| S-EPMC8222055 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Each strain was grown overnight then diluted in fresh YPD to 10% v/v and grown for 3 hours at 30'C. Total RNA was isolated using an RNeasy mini kit, reverse transcribed, labeled with either Cy3 or Cy5, and hybridized to epoxy-coated slides with 6388, 70mer oligos (Qiagen-Operon). After an overnight hybridization, microarrays were scanned using a ScanArray Express laser scanner. Reference, a pool of total RNA from all samples, was used to contrast with each sample. Dye-swap was performed for one of the three replicates of each strain, where Cy3 instead of Cy5 was used to label the reference RNA.
2010-05-14 | E-GEOD-14102 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:At present, there is no objective method for diagnosing subjective sensorineural tinnitus. Recently, the acoustic change complex (ACC) has been used to evaluate neural detection of sounds. Thus, the present study aimed to examine whether the ACC can reflect cortical detection and discrimination of sounds matched with tinnitus frequencies. We hypothesized that the ACC to change stimuli matched with tinnitus frequencies would be decreased in tinnitus patients because the tinnitus interferes with the perception of acoustic changes. To test the hypothesis, 96 ears of normal-hearing (NH) tinnitus patients and controls were tested. Among the tinnitus patients, 33 ears with a tinnitus frequency of 8 kHz constituted the tinnitus group, and the remaining 63 ears with no experience of tinnitus were allocated to the control group. For the 4 kHz non-tinnitus matched frequency, a subset of tinnitus (n = 17) and NH (n = 47) subjects was tested. The acoustic stimuli were pure tones with a total duration of 500 ms consisting of a 1 kHz tone in the first 250 ms and a second tone of either 8 kHz or 4 kHz in the latter 250 ms. The normalized amplitude of the ACC (naACC) was calculated separately for the amplitude of the N1'-P2' complex evoked by an 8 kHz or 4 kHz change stimulus and for the amplitude of the N1-P2 complex elicited by the initial 1 kHz background stimulus. Our results showed that the naACC to an 8 kHz stimulus in the tinnitus group was significantly smaller than those to 4 kHz and 8 kHz in normal controls. Additionally, in the tinnitus group, the naACC to 4 kHz was greater compared to 8 kHz. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis conducted for naACC to 8 kHz at UCL revealed a fair degree of diagnostic efficacy. Overall, our results indicated that the ACC to a change stimulus matched with the tinnitus frequency can provide an objective measure of frequency-specific tinnitus.
| S-EPMC5703484 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Each strain was grown overnight then diluted in fresh YPD to 10% v/v and grown for 3 hours at 30'C. Total RNA was isolated using an RNeasy mini kit, reverse transcribed, labeled with either Cy3 or Cy5, and hybridized to epoxy-coated slides with 6388, 70mer oligos (Qiagen-Operon). After an overnight hybridization, microarrays were scanned using a ScanArray Express laser scanner.
2008-12-30 | GSE14102 | GEO
Project description:Cervical proprioception is a common term used in neck rehabilitation, and it is examined using neutral head position (NHP) and target head position (THP) tests.To investigate intra- and inter-rater reliability of the NHP and THP tests in patients with neck pain and in healthy controls.The intra-rater (between-day) and inter-rater (within-day) reliability of the NHP and THP tests were assessed in 36 patients with neck pain and 33 healthy subjects. NHP testing was evaluated in cervical extension, while THP testing was evaluated in six directions of cervical motion: cervical flexion, extension, side bending right, side bending left, rotation right, and rotation left.The intra-rater reliability for the NHP tests had intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values of 0.74-0.78 and a standard error of measurement (SEM) of 1.78-1.88; the THP tests had ICC values of 0.70-0.83 and SEM of 1.45-2.45. Likewise, inter-rater reliability for NHP had ICC values of 0.74-0.79 and SEM of 1.79-1.87. For the THP test, the inter-rater reliability had ICC values of 0.62-0.84 and SEM of 1.50-2.23.Intra- and inter-rater reliability ranged from good to very good agreement both for NHP and for THP tests of cervical proprioception.
| S-EPMC5537472 | biostudies-other
Project description:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can impair cerebral vasoreactivity and is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease. Unfortunately, an easy-to-use, non-invasive, portable monitor of cerebral vasoreactivity does not exist. Therefore, we have evaluated the use of near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy to measure the microvascular cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to a mild head-of-bed position change as a biomarker for the evaluation of cerebral vasoreactivity alteration due to chronic OSA. Furthermore, we have monitored the effect of two years of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on the cerebral vasoreactivity.CBF was measured at different head-of-bed position changes (supine to 30° to supine) in sixty-eight patients with OSA grouped according to severity (forty moderate to severe, twenty-eight mild) and in fourteen control subjects without OSA. A subgroup (n = 13) with severe OSA was measured again after two years of CPAP treatment.All patients and controls showed a similar CBF response after changing position from supine to 30° (p = 0.819), with a median (confidence interval) change of -17.5 (-10.3, -22.9)%. However, when being tilted back to the supine position, while the control group (p = 0.091) and the mild patients with OSA (p = 0.227) recovered to the initial baseline, patients with moderate and severe OSA did not recover to the baseline (9.8 (0.8, 12.9)%, p < 0.001) suggesting altered cerebral vasoreactivity. This alteration was correlated with OSA severity defined by the apnea-hypopnea index, and with mean nocturnal arterial oxygen saturation. The CBF response was normalized after two years of CPAP treatment upon follow-up measurements.In conclusion, microvascular CBF response to a head-of-bed challenge measured by diffuse correlation spectroscopy suggests that moderate and severe patients with OSA have altered cerebral vasoreactivity related to OSA severity. This may normalize after two years of CPAP treatment.
| S-EPMC5851619 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTinnitus is a very common symptom of vestibular schwannoma, present in 45 to 80% of patients. We evaluated changes in tinnitus after translabyrinthine microsurgery (TLM) or gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS).Materials and methodsAmong 78 patients with vestibular schwannoma who underwent TLM or GKS at Severance Hospital from 2009-2012, 46 patients with pre- or postoperative tinnitus who agreed to participate were enrolled. Pure tone audiometry, tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for loudness, awareness, and annoyance were measured before and after treatment. Changes of THI and VAS were analysed and compared according to treatment modality, tumour volume, and preoperative residual hearing.ResultsIn the TLM group (n=27), vestibulocochlear nerves were definitely cut. There was a higher rate of tinnitus improvement in TLM group (52%) than GKS group (16%, p=0.016). The GKS group had a significantly higher rate of tinnitus worsening (74%) than TLM group (11%, p<0.001). Mean scores of THI and VAS scores significantly decreased in the TLM group in contrast to significant increases in the GKS group. Tumor volume and preoperative hearing did not affect the changes in THI or VAS.ConclusionGKS can save vestibulocochlear nerve continuity but may damage the cochlea, cochlear nerve and can cause worsening tinnitus. In cases where hearing preservation is not intended, microsurgery with vestibulocochlear neurectomy during tumor removal can sometimes relieve or prevent tinnitus.
| S-EPMC3874923 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transmission of cellular identity relies on the faithful transfer of information from the mother to the daughter cell. This process includes accurate replication of the DNA, but also the correct propagation of regulatory programs responsible for cellular identity. Errors in DNA replication (mutations) and protein conformation (prions) can trigger stable phenotypic changes and cause human disease, yet the ability of transient transcriptional errors to produce heritable phenotypic change ('epimutations') remains an open question. Here, we demonstrate that transcriptional errors made specifically in the mRNA encoding a transcription factor can promote heritable phenotypic change by reprogramming a transcriptional network, without altering DNA. We have harnessed the classical bistable switch in the lac operon, a memory-module, to capture the consequences of transient transcription errors in living Escherichia coli cells. We engineered an error-prone transcription sequence (A9 run) in the gene encoding the lac repressor and show that this 'slippery' sequence directly increases epigenetic switching, not mutation in the cell population. Therefore, one altered transcript within a multi-generational series of many error-free transcripts can cause long-term phenotypic consequences. Thus, like DNA mutations, transcriptional epimutations can instigate heritable changes that increase phenotypic diversity, which drives both evolution and disease.
| S-EPMC3694819 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The relationship between a driver's glance orientation and corresponding head rotation is highly complex due to its nonlinear dependence on the individual, task, and driving context. This paper presents expanded analytic detail and findings from an effort that explored the ability of head pose to serve as an estimator for driver gaze by connecting head rotation data with manually coded gaze region data using both a statistical analysis approach and a predictive (i.e., machine learning) approach. For the latter, classification accuracy increased as visual angles between two glance locations increased. In other words, the greater the shift in gaze, the higher the accuracy of classification. This is an intuitive but important concept that we make explicit through our analysis. The highest accuracy achieved was 83% using the method of Hidden Markov Models (HMM) for the binary gaze classification problem of (a) glances to the forward roadway versus (b) glances to the center stack. Results suggest that although there are individual differences in head-glance correspondence while driving, classifier models based on head-rotation data may be robust to these differences and therefore can serve as reasonable estimators for glance location. The results suggest that driver head pose can be used as a surrogate for eye gaze in several key conditions including the identification of high-eccentricity glances. Inexpensive driver head pose tracking may be a key element in detection systems developed to mitigate driver distraction and inattention.
| S-EPMC7924698 | biostudies-literature