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HIV-1 Vpr protein upregulates microRNA-210-5p expression to induce G2 arrest by targeting TGIF2.


ABSTRACT: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important molecules that mediate virus-host interactions, mainly by regulating gene expression via gene silencing. Here, we demonstrated that HIV-1 infection upregulated miR-210-5p in HIV-1-inoculated cell lines and in the serum of HIV-1-infected individuals. Luciferase reporter assays and western blotting confirmed that a target protein of miR-210-5p, TGIF2, is regulated by HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, HIV-1 Vpr protein induced miR-210-5p expression. The use of a miR-210-5p inhibitor and TGIF2 overexpression showed that Vpr upregulated miR-210-5p and thereby downregulated TGIF2, which might be one of the mechanisms used by Vpr to induce G2 arrest. Moreover, we identified a transcription factor, NF-κB p50, which upregulated miR-210-5p in response to Vpr protein. In conclusion, we identified a mechanism whereby miR-210-5p, which is induced upon HIV-1 infection, targets TGIF2. This pathway was initiated by Vpr protein activating NF-κB p50, which promoted G2 arrest. These alterations orchestrated by miRNA provide new evidence on how HIV-1 interacts with its host during infection and increase our understanding of the mechanism by which Vpr regulates the cell cycle.

SUBMITTER: Qiao J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8716043 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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