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Excessive mechanical strain accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration by disrupting intrinsic circadian rhythm.

ABSTRACT: Night shift workers with disordered rhythmic mechanical loading are more prone to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Our results showed that circadian rhythm (CR) was dampened in degenerated and aged NP cells. Long-term environmental CR disruption promoted IDD in rats. Excessive mechanical strain disrupted the CR and inhibited the expression of core clock proteins. The inhibitory effect of mechanical loading on the expression of extracellular matrix genes could be reversed by BMAL1 overexpression in NP cells. The Rho/ROCK pathway was demonstrated to mediate the effect of mechanical stimulation on CR. Prolonged mechanical loading for 12 months affected intrinsic CR genes and induced IDD in a model of upright posture in a normal environment. Unexpectedly, mechanical loading further accelerated the IDD in an Light-Dark (LD) cycle-disrupted environment. These results indicated that intrinsic CR disruption might be a mechanism involved in overloading-induced IDD and a potential drug target for night shift workers.

SUBMITTER: Ding SL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8741925 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:The expression of Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and its antagonist and Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) are correlated with greater human intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, suggesting that elevated IL-1β activity promotes disc degeneration. Many in vitro studies support such a mechanistic relationship, whereas few in vivo investigations have been reported. The present study tests the effect of increased IL-1β activity on intervertebral disc in mice with an IL-1Ra gene deletion. IL-1Ra-/- mice and wild-type (WT) C57Bl6J mice were examined at 3 and 12 months of age. Caudal IVD segments were evaluated for disc degeneration by histopathology, functional testing, and inflammatory gene expression relevant to IL-1β pathways. To test differences in injury response, pinprick annular puncture was performed on IL-1Ra-/- and WT mice and evaluated similarly. IL-1Ra-/- IVDs had significantly worse histopathology at 3 months compared to WT controls, but not at 12 months. IL-1Ra-/- IVDs exhibited significantly more viscous mechanical properties than WT IVDs. qPCR revealed downregulation of inflammatory genes at 3 and 12 months in IL-1Ra-/- IVDs, with concomitant downregulation of anabolic and catabolic genes. Annular puncture yielded no appreciable differences between 2-week and 6-week post-injured WT and IL1-Ra-/- IVDs in histopathology or biomechanics, but inflammatory gene expression was sharply downregulated in IL-1Ra-/- mice at 2 weeks, returning by 6 weeks post injury. In the present study, IL-1Ra deletion resulted in increased IVD histopathology, inferior biomechanics, and transiently decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression. The histopathology of IL-1Ra-/- IVDs on a C57BL/6J background is less severe than a previous report of IL1Ra-/- on a BALB/c background, yet both strains exhibit IVD degeneration, reinforcing a mechanistic role of IL-1β signaling in IVD pathobiology. Despite a pro-inflammatory environment, the annular puncture was no worse in IL-1Ra-/- mice, suggesting that response to injury involves pathways other than inflammation. Overall, this study supports the hypothesis that IL-1β-driven inflammation is important in IVD degeneration.

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Excessive mechanical strain accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration by disrupting intrinsic circadian rhythm.

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