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Preparation and Characterization of Nano-CaCO₃/Ceresine Wax Composite Shell Microcapsules Containing E-44 Epoxy Resin for Self-Healing of Cement-Based Materials.

ABSTRACT: As an intelligent material, microcapsules can efficiently self-heal internal microcracks and microdefects formed in cement-based materials during service and improve their durability. In this paper, microcapsules of nano-CaCO₃/ceresine wax composite shell encapsulated with E-44 epoxy resin were prepared via the melt condensation method. The core content, compactness, particle size distribution, morphologies, chemical structure and micromechanical properties of microcapsules were characterized. The results showed that the encapsulation ability, mechanical properties and compactness of microcapsules were further improved by adding nano-CaCO₃ to ceresine wax. The core content, elastic modulus, hardness and weight loss rate (60 days) of nano-CaCO₃/ceresine wax composite shell microcapsules (WM2) were 80.6%, 2.02 GPA, 72.54 MPa and 1.6%, respectively. SEM showed that WM2 was regularly spherical with a rough surface and sufficient space inside the microcapsules to store the healing agent. The incorporation of WM2 to mortar can greatly improve the self-healing ability of mortar after pre-damage. After 14 days of self-healing, the compressive strength recovery rate, proportion of harmful pores and chloride ion diffusion coefficient recovery rate increased to 90.1%, 45.54% and 79.8%, respectively. In addition, WM2 also has good self-healing ability for mortar surface cracks, and cracks with initial width of less than 0.35 mm on the mortar surface can completely self-heal within 3 days.

SUBMITTER: Du W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8778703 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundDespite recent advances in restorative dentistry adhesive restorations may cause postoperative sensitivity which leads to restoration failure.AimThis study aimed to compare and evaluate the incremental and bulk fill resin Composite postoperative sensitivity in class II posterior restorations bonded with two adhesive systems (self-etch and etch-and-rinse).MethodsSixty patients were randomly selected, their age range from twenty-five to forty years old, divided into two groups according to the packing technique of resin composite material; incremental Tetric Evoceram and Tetric Evoceram bulk-fill resin composite. Thirty patients (n = 30) for incremental Tetric Evoceram resin composite restorations and according to the adhesive systems used they were equally divided (n = 15 teeth).Thirty patients (n = 30) for Tetric Evoceram bulk-fill resin composite restorations and according to the adhesive systems used (etch and rinse or self-etch), they were equally divided (n = 15 teeth). Post-operative pain assessed at 24 hours, 1 week and 1 month using the Visual Analog Scale Score (VAS). Each patient was instructed to put a mark on the VAS line at home to point out the intensity of pain at each assessment period. The problem of measuring the pain that pain tolerance of individuals may be different from the others. This may be due to different reasons, and it is not always because of a problem in the restoration.ResultsAfter 1 day, 1 week as well as 1 month, no statistically significant disagreement between the two resin composite types using self-etch adhesive strategy and total-etch adhesive strategy. Also, when the two adhesive systems were compared using Bulk Fill resin composite and incremental Nano resin composite no statistically significant disagreement between the two adhesive systems after 1 day, 1 week as well as 1 month.ConclusionThe post-operative hypersensitivity is related to many factors as the procedure of cavity preparation, adhesive approach, and type of resin composite used and placement technique of the resin composite.

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Preparation and Characterization of Nano-CaCO₃/Ceresine Wax Composite Shell Microcapsules Containing E-44 Epoxy Resin for Self-Healing of Cement-Based Materials.

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Preparation and Characterization of Nano-CaCO3/Ceresine Wax Composite Shell Microcapsules Containing E-44 Epoxy Resin for Self-Healing of Cement-Based Materials.

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Preparation and Characterization of Nano-CaCO₃/Ceresine Wax Composite Shell Microcapsules Containing E-44 Epoxy Resin for Self-Healing of Cement-Based Materials.