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Millimeter Wave-Based Non-Destructive Biosensor System for Live Fish Monitoring.

ABSTRACT: Waterless transportation for live grouper is a novel mode of transport that not only saves money, but also lowers wastewater pollution. Technical obstacles remain, however, in achieving intelligent monitoring and a greater survival rate. During live grouper waterless transportation, the stress response is a key indicator that affects the survival life-span of the grouper. Studies based on breathing rate analysis have demonstrated that among many stress response parameters, breathing rate is the most direct parameter to reflect the intensity. Conventional measurement methods, which set up sensors on the gills of groupers, interfere with the normal breathing of living aquatic products and are complex in system design. We designed a new breathing monitoring system based on a completely non-destructive approach. The system allows the real-time monitoring of living aquatic products' breathing rate by simply placing the millimeter wave radar on the inner wall of the incubator and facing the gills. The system we developed can detect more parameters in the future, and can replace the existing system to simplify the study of stress responses.

SUBMITTER: Wang M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9313324 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Cell-to-cell fusion can be quantified by endowing acceptor and donor cells with latent reporter genes/proteins and activators of these genes/proteins, respectively. One way to accomplish this goal is by using a bipartite lentivirus vector (LV)-based cell fusion assay system in which the cellular fusion partners are transduced with a flippase-activatable Photinus pyralis luciferase (PpLuc) expression unit (acceptor cells) or with a recombinant gene encoding FLPeNLS+, a nuclear-targeted and molecularly evolved version of flippase (donor cells). Fusion of both cell populations will lead to the FLPe-dependent generation of a functional PpLuc gene. PpLuc activity is typically measured in cell lysates, precluding consecutive analysis of one cell culture. Therefore, in this study the PpLuc-coding sequence was replaced by that of Gaussia princeps luciferase (GpLuc), a secretory protein allowing repeated analysis of the same cell culture. In myotubes the spread of FLPeNLS+ may be limited due to its nuclear localization signal (NLS) causing low signal outputs. To test this hypothesis, myoblasts were transduced with LVs encoding either FLPeNLS+ or an NLS-less version of FLPe (FLPeNLS-) and subsequently co-cultured in different ratios with myoblasts containing the FLPe-activatable GpLuc expression cassette. At different times after induction of cell-to-cell fusion the GpLuc activity in the culture medium was determined. FLPeNLS+ and FLPeNLS- both activated the latent GpLuc gene but when the percentage of FLPe-expressing myoblasts was limiting, FLPeNLS+ generally yielded slightly higher signals than FLPeNLS- while at low acceptor-to-donor cell ratios FLPeNLS- was usually superior. The ability of FLPeNLS+ to spread through myofibers and to induce reporter gene expression is thus not limited by its NLS. However, at high FLPe concentrations the presence of the NLS negatively affected reporter gene expression. In summary, a rapid and simple chemiluminescence assay for quantifying cell-to-cell fusion progression based on GpLuc has been developed.

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Dataset Information

Millimeter Wave-Based Non-Destructive Biosensor System for Live Fish Monitoring.

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