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Characterization of the basic glutathione S-transferase B1 and B2 subunits from human liver.

ABSTRACT: The basic glutathione S-transferases in human liver are composed of at least two immunochemically distinct polypeptides, designated B1 and B2. These subunits exist as homodimers, but can hybridize to form the B1B2 heterodimer [Stockman, Beckett & Hayes (1985) Biochem. J. 227, 457-465]. Although these basic glutathione S-transferases possess similar catalytic properties, the B2 subunit exhibits significantly greater selenium-independent glutathione peroxidase activity than subunit B1. The use of the ligands haematin, tributyltin acetate and Bromosulphophthalein as inhibitors of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene-GSH-conjugating activity clearly discriminate between the B1 and B2 subunits and should help facilitate their identification. Peptide mapping experiments showed that B1 and B2 are structurally distinct, but related, subunits; subunit B1 yielded 43 tryptic peptides, seven of which were unique, whereas subunit B2 yielded 40 tryptic peptides, four of which were unique.

SUBMITTER: Stockman PK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1147952 | biostudies-other | 1987 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:A hitherto unknown cytosolic glutathione S-transferase from rat liver was discovered and a method developed for its purification to apparent homogeneity. This enzyme had several properties that distinguished it from other glutathione S-transferases, and it was named glutathione S-transferase X. The purification procedure involved DEAE-cellulose chromatography, (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, affinity chromatography on Sepharose 4B to which glutathione was coupled and CM-cellulose chromatography, and allowed the isolation of glutathione S-transferases X, A, B and C in relatively large quantities suitable for the investigation of the toxicological role of these enzymes. Like glutathione S-transferase M, but unlike glutathione S-transferases AA, A, B, C, D and E, glutathione S-transferase X was retained on DEAE-cellulose. The end product, which was purified from rat liver 20 000 g supernatant about 50-fold, as determined with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene as substrate and about 90-fold with the 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene as substrate, was judged to be homogeneous by several criteria, including sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing and immunoelectrophoresis. Results from sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and gel filtration indicated that transferase X was a dimer with Mr about 45 000 composed of subunits with Mr 23 500. The isoelectric point of glutathione S-transferase X was 6.9, which is different from those of most of the other glutathione S-transferases (AA, A, B and C). The amino acid composition of transferase X was similar to that of transferase C. Immunoelectrophoresis of glutathione S-transferases A, C and X and precipitation of various combinations of these antigens by antisera raised against glutathione S-transferase X or C revealed that the glutathione S-transferases A, C and X have different electrophoretic mobilities, and indicated that transferase X is immunologically similar to transferase C, less similar to transferase A and not cross-reactive to transferases B and E. In contrast with transferases B and AA, glutathione S-transferase X did not bind cholic acid, which, together with the determination of the Mr, shows that it does not possess subunits Ya or Yc. Glutathione S-transferase X did not catalyse the reaction of menaphthyl sulphate with glutathione, and was in this respect dissimilar to glutathione S-transferase M; however, it conjugated 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene very rapidly, in contrast with transferases AA, B, D and E, which were nearly inactive towards that substrate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Characterization of the basic glutathione S-transferase B1 and B2 subunits from human liver.

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