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Partial amino acid sequence in the N-terminal region of an anti-pneumococcal immunoglobulin heavy chain of allotype alpha2.

ABSTRACT: The amino acid sequence of the N-terminal 48 residues of the heavy chain derived from a homogeneous rabbit antibody to type III pneumococci is described. This chain of allotype a(2) is compared with other rabbit heavy chains of allotypes a(1), a(2) and a(3). Within the N-terminal 25 positions, two chains which carry the same allotype a(2) possess identical amino acid sequences, but differ markedly from heavy chains of allotypes a(1) and a(3). Sequence variability is observed in residues 26-27 and 30-34, but not in residues 35-48.

SUBMITTER: Jaton JC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1166278 | biostudies-other | 1974 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:The heavy chain of rabbit immunoglobulin G exists in three major allotypic patterns, Aa1-Aa3. A comparison of the amino acid compositions of the heavy chains isolated from immunoglobulin IgG homozygous for each allotypic determinant revealed the presence of an additional methionine residue per chain in the Aa3 allotype relative to the Aa1 and Aa2 allotypes. The position of the additional methionine residue was determined by cyanogen bromide cleavage and by tryptic digestion of the gamma-chains; it coincided with the inter-Fd-Fc area of the chain. Isolation and characterization of the corresponding tryptic peptides of 31 amino acid residues from each of the allotypes showed the presence of a methionine-for-threonine replacement in the Aa3 allotype, but only in about 70-80% of the molecules. No other allotypic variations were seen in this tryptic peptide. Allotypically related variations in composition were also detected in the N-terminal cyanogen bromide-cleavage peptide.

| S-EPMC1198747 | biostudies-other

Developmental progression of equine immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region diversity.

Project description:Humoral immunity is a critical component of the immune system that is established during fetal life and expands upon exposure to pathogens. The extensive humoral immune response repertoire is generated in large part via immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain variable region diversity. The horse is a useful model to study the development of humoral diversity because the placenta does not transfer maternal antibodies; therefore, Igs detected in the fetus and pre-suckle neonate were generated in utero. The goal of this study was to compare the equine fetal Ig VDJ repertoire to that of neonatal, foal, and adult horse stages of life. We found similar profiles of IGHV, IGHD, and IGHJ gene usage throughout life, including predominant usage of IGHV2S3, IGHD18S1, and IGHJ1S5. CDR3H lengths were also comparable throughout life. Unexpectedly, Ig sequence diversity significantly increased between the fetal and neonatal age, and, as expected, between the foal and adult age.

| S-EPMC3672396 | biostudies-literature

Deciphering the importance of the palindromic architecture of the immunoglobulin heavy chain 3’ regulatory region.

Project description:The IgH 3’ regulatory region (3’RR) controls class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM) in B cells. The mouse 3’RR contains four enhancer elements with hs1,2 flanked by inverted repeated sequences and the center of a 25-kb palindrome bounded by two hs3 enhancer inverted copies (hs3a and hs3b). hs4 lies downstream of the palindrome. Evolution maintained in mammals this unique palindromic arrangement suggesting that it is functionally significant. We report that deconstructing the palindromic IgH 3’RR strongly impacts its function even when enhancers are preserved. CSR and IgH transcription appear poorly dependent from the 3’RR architecture and are more or less preserved provided 3’RR enhancers are present. By contrast, an “architectural effect” significantly lowers VH germline transcription, AID recruitment and SHM. In conclusion, this work indicates that the IgH 3’RR does not simply pile up enhancer units but also optimally expose them into a functional architecture of crucial importance.

2016-02-08 | GSE76359 | GEO

Deciphering the importance of the palindromic architecture of the immunoglobulin heavy chain 3â?? regulatory region.

Project description:The IgH 3â?? regulatory region (3â??RR) controls class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM) in B cells. The mouse 3â??RR contains four enhancer elements with hs1,2 flanked by inverted repeated sequences and the center of a 25-kb palindrome bounded by two hs3 enhancer inverted copies (hs3a and hs3b). hs4 lies downstream of the palindrome. Evolution maintained in mammals this unique palindromic arrangement suggesting that it is functionally significant. We report that deconstructing the palindromic IgH 3â??RR strongly impacts its function even when enhancers are preserved. CSR and IgH transcription appear poorly dependent from the 3â??RR architecture and are more or less preserved provided 3â??RR enhancers are present. By contrast, an â??architectural effectâ?? significantly lowers VH germline transcription, AID recruitment and SHM. In conclusion, this work indicates that the IgH 3â??RR does not simply pile up enhancer units but also optimally expose them into a functional architecture of crucial importance. RNAseq analysis of B-cell splenocytes with (S=stimulated) or without (R=resting) LPS activation from wt, delta2leftPAL, and deltaIRIS mice.

2016-02-08 | E-GEOD-76359 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Heavy chain immunoglobulin sequencing of Lyme disease PBMCs

Project description:Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi infection) is increasingly recognized as a significant source of morbidity world-wide. Here, we investigated B cell responses to Lyme disease through molecular identifier-enabled antibody heavy chain sequencing of bulk B cells from PBMCs. Single-cell immunoglobulin sequencing of paired heavy- and light-chain genes from this project will also be separately deposited. Additional information regarding patient characteristics and overlap with other data from the SLICE study is available upon request.

2018-12-21 | GSE113938 | GEO

Evolutionary dynamics of the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region genes in vertebrates.

Project description:Immunoglobulin heavy chains are polypeptides encoded by four genes: variable (IGHV), joining (IGHJ), diversity (IGHD), and constant (IGHC) region genes. The number of IGHV genes varies from species to species. To understand the evolution of the IGHV multigene family, we identified and analyzed the IGHV sequences from 16 vertebrate species. The results show that the numbers of functional and nonfunctional IGHV genes among different species are positively correlated. The number of IGHV genes is relatively stable in teleosts, but the intragenomic sequence variation is generally higher in teleosts than in tetrapods. The IGHV genes in tetrapods can be classified into three phylogenetic clans (I, II, and III). The clan III and/or II genes are relatively abundant, whereas clan I genes exist in small numbers or are absent in most species. The genomic organization of clan I, II, and III IGHV genes varies considerably among species, but the entire IGHV locus seems to be conserved in the subtelomeric or near-centromeric region of chromosome. The presence or absence of specific IGHV clan members and the lineage-specific expansion and contraction of IGHV genes indicate that the IGHV locus continues to evolve in a species-specific manner. Our results suggest that the evolution of IGHV multigene family is more complex than previously thought and that several factors may act synergistically for the development of antibody repertoire.

| S-EPMC2386433 | biostudies-literature

Allele specific analysis of the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2013-06-01 | GSE47129 | GEO

Variation in the N-terminal sequence of heavy chains of immunoglobulin G from rabbits of different allotype.

Project description:The sequences of the N-terminal peptides prepared by Pronase digestion of the heavy chain of rabbit immunoglobulin G of allotype Aa1, Aa2 and Aa3 were determined and were shown to be related to the allotype. An N-terminal fragment of about 34 residues was also prepared from the allotype heavy chains, by cleavage with cyanogen bromide; the yield varied with the allotype. The sequences of the cyanogen bromide fragments from the Aa1 and Aa3 heavy chains contain allotype-related variations similar to those found in the N-terminal Pronase peptides, and these sequences are thought to be representative of the whole heavy-chain populations. There is about 60% homology between the two sequences, and superimposed on the differences between them there are a number of positions within each sequence at which at least two amino acids are present.

| S-EPMC1187690 | biostudies-other

Allele specific analysis of the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series

2013-06-01 | E-GEOD-47129 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The complete nucleotide sequence of the human immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region locus.

Project description:The complete nucleotide sequence of the 957-kb DNA of the human immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (VH) region locus was determined and 43 novel VH segments were identified. The region contains 123 VH segments classifiable into seven different families, of which 79 are pseudogenes. Of the 44 VH segments with an open reading frame, 39 are expressed as heavy chain proteins and 1 as mRNA, while the remaining 4 are not found in immunoglobulin cDNAs. Combinatorial diversity of VH region was calculated to be approximately 6,000. Conservation of the promoter and recombination signal sequences was observed to be higher in functional VH segments than in pseudogenes. Phylogenetic analysis of 114 VH segments clearly showed clustering of the VH segments of each family. However, an independent branch in the tree contained a single VH, V4-44.1P, sharing similar levels of homology to human VH families and to those of other vertebrates. Comparison between different copies of homologous units that appear repeatedly across the locus clearly demonstrates that dynamic DNA reorganization of the locus took place at least eight times between 133 and 10 million years ago. One nonimmunoglobulin gene of unknown function was identified in the intergenic region.

| S-EPMC2212390 | biostudies-literature

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