Lipids produced by Epicoccum nigrum in submerged culture.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Foppen FH
PROVIDER: S-EPMC1198473 | biostudies-other | 1968 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
Similar Datasets
Project description:1. Six carotenoid pigments were produced by and isolated from the green alga Dictyococcus cinnabarinus grown in submerged culture in the presence of glucose. 2. The first, second and fourth pigments were identified respectively as beta-carotene, echinenone and canthaxanthin; the physicochemical properties of the other three are described and their similarity to other oxo-carotenoids is shown. 3. Culture techniques, isolation and identification procedures are described.
| S-EPMC1270181 | biostudies-other
Project description:Pleurotus spp. are white-rot fungi that utilize different agro-wastes to produce useful biologically active compounds. In this study, exopolysaccharides (EPS) were produced by Pleurotus pulmonarius in submerged culture supplemented with different agro-wastes. Functional groups in EPS were revealed using Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity of EPS was tested against microorganisms using agar well diffusion. Scavenging potentials of EPS was tested against 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH), iron (Fe2+) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals. In vitro prebiotic activity of EPS was carried out. The highest yield (5.60 g/L) of EPS was produced by P. pulmonarius in submerged culture supplemented with groundnut shell (20.0 g/L). The functional groups in EPS were hydroxyl (-OH), methyl (-CH3), ketone (-RCOH) and carbonyl group (-C=O). EPS displayed zones of inhibition (5.00-14.00 mm) against tested microorganisms. Scavenging activity of EPS ranged from 65.70-81.80% against DPPH. EPS supported the growth of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Streptococcus thermophiles with values ranged from 3.04 × 104-3.40 × 104 cfu/ml and 2.50 × 104-2.81 × 104 cfu/ml, respectively. Submerged culture of P. pulmonarius with addition of agro-wastes enhanced yield of EPS. The EPS exhibited bio-functional properties like antimicrobial, antioxidant and prebiotic activities. Hence, agrowastes can be recycled in submerged fermentation with fungi to produce promising biomaterials for biopharmaceutical applications.
| S-EPMC7734227 | biostudies-literature
Project description:in vitro microarray study of transcriptional changes of jejunal cells
2022-05-06 | GSE202088 | GEO
Project description:Endophytic fungi have been described as producers of important bioactive compounds; however, they remain under-exploited as exopolysaccharides (EPS) sources. Therefore, this work reports on EPS production by submerged cultures of eight endophytes isolated from Piper hispidum Sw., belonging to genera Diaporthe, Marasmius, Phlebia, Phoma, Phyllosticta and Schizophyllum. After fermentation for 96 h, four endophytes secreted EPS: Diaporthe sp. JF767000, Diaporthe sp. JF766998, Diaporthe sp. JF767007 and Phoma herbarumJF766995. The EPS from Diaporthe sp. JF766998 differed statistically from the others, with a higher percentage of carbohydrate (91%) and lower amount of protein (8%). Subsequently, this fungus was grown under submerged culture for 72, 96 and 168 h (these EPS were designated EPSD1-72, EPSD1-96 and EPSD1-168) and the differences in production, monosaccharide composition and apparent molecular were compared. The EPS yields in mg/100 mL of culture medium were: 3.0 ± 0.4 (EPSD1-72), 15.4 ± 2.2 (EPSD1-96) and 14.8 ± 1.8 (EPSD1-168). The EPSD1-72 had high protein content (28.5%) and only 71% of carbohydrate; while EPSD1-96 and EPSD1-168 were composed mainly of carbohydrate (?95 and 100%, respectively), with low protein content (?5%) detected at 96 h. Galactose was the main monosaccharide component (30%) of EPSD1-168. Differently, EPSD1-96 was rich in glucose (51%), with molecular weight of 46.6 kDa. It is an important feature for future investigations, because glucan-rich EPS are reported as effective antitumor agents.
| S-EPMC5889487 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We have isolated a filamentous fungus that actively secretes a pigmented exudate when growing on agar plates. The fungus was identified as being a strain of Epicoccum nigrum. The fungal exudate presented strong antifungal activity against both yeasts and filamentous fungi, and inhibited the germination of fungal spores. The chemical characterization of the exudate showed that the pigmented molecule presenting antifungal activity is the disalt of epipyrone A-a water-soluble polyene metabolite with a molecular mass of 612.29 and maximal UV-Vis absorbance at 428 nm. This antifungal compound showed excellent stability to different temperatures and neutral to alkaline pH.
| S-EPMC7766273 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Limitations of a submerged culture system
| PRJNA834644 | ENA
Project description:Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are inexpensive materials that have been used as a source of antioxidants and polysaccharides with immunostimulatory activity. In this study, we performed a microbial fermentation of SCG using Cordyceps sinensis and investigated the radical scavenging and immunostimulatory activity of fermented SCG. SCG fermentation using C. sinensis was performed at 25 °C for 8 d. The polyphenol content of the fermented SCG increased from 1022.4 to 1562.0 μg/mL. The glucosamine content of the mycelia also continuously increased during fermentation. The main polyphenol compounds of fermented SCG were chlorogenic acid and p-coumaric acid, which were increased by fermentation. Fermented SCG also showed significantly higher content of chlorogenic acid isomers than unfermented SCG. The fermented SCG exhibited significantly higher 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (half maximal inhibitory concentration: IC50, 0.37 mg/mL) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (IC50, 0.93 mg/mL) radical scavenging activities than those of the control (0.54 mg/mL and 1.20 mg/mL, respectively; p < 0.05). The fermented SCG stimulated macrophages and promoted the production of various immunostimulatory cytokines (IL-12, IL-6, and TNF-α) compared to control; therefore, microbial fermentation of SCG using C. sinensis is an effective means of generating antioxidant and immunostimulatory materials.
| S-EPMC8394004 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cordyceps militaris produces cordycepin, which is known to be a bioactive compound. Currently, cordycepin hyperproduction of C. militaris was carried out in a liquid surface culture because of its low productivity in a submerged culture, however the reason was not known. In this study, 4.92 g/L of cordycepin was produced at the 15th day of C. militaris NBRC 103752 liquid surface culture, but only 1 mg/L was produced in the submerged culture. RNA-Seq was used to clarify the gene expression profiles of the cordycepin biosynthetic pathways of the submerged culture and the liquid surface culture. From this analysis, 1036 genes were shown to be upregulated and 557 genes were downregulated in the liquid surface culture compared with the submerged culture. Specifically, adenylosuccinate synthetase and phosphoribosylaminoimidazole-succinocarboxamide (SAICAR) synthase in purine nucleotide metabolism were significantly upregulated in the liquid surface culture. Thick mycelia formation in the liquid surface culture was found to induce the expression of hypoxia-related genes (GABA shunt, glutamate synthetase precursor, and succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase). Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductases containing heme were also found to be significantly enriched, suggesting that a hypoxic condition might be created in the liquid surface culture. These results suggest that hypoxic conditions are more suitable for cordycepin production in the liquid surface culture compared with the submerged culture. Our analysis paves the way for unraveling the cordycepin biosynthesis pathway and for improving cordycepin production in C. militaris.
| S-EPMC5665525 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIncreased glucose level and insulin resistance are major factors in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2M), which is chronic and debilitating disease worldwide. Submerged culture medium of Ceriporia lacerata mycelium (CLM) is known to have glucose lowering effects and improving insulin resistance in a mouse model in our previous studies. The main purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate the functional efficacy and safety of CLM in enrolled participants with impaired fasting blood sugar or mild T2D for 12 weeks.MethodsA total of 72 participants with impaired fasting blood sugar or mild T2D were participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. All participants were randomly assigned into the CLM group or placebo group. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, insulin, C-peptide, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-IR by C-peptide were used to assess the anti-diabetic efficacy of CLM for 12 weeks.ResultsIn this study, the effectiveness of CLM on lowering the anti-diabetic indicators (C-peptide levels, insulin, and FBG) was confirmed. CLM significantly elicited anti-diabetic effects after 12 weeks of ingestion without showing any side effects in both groups of participants. After the CLM treatment, FBG levels were effectively dropped by 63.9% (ITT), while HOMA-IR level in the CLM group with FBG > 110 mg/dL showed a marked decrease by 34% up to 12 weeks. Remarkably, the effect of improving insulin resistance was significantly increased in the subgroup of participants with insulin resistance, exhibiting effective reduction at 6 weeks (42.5%) and 12 weeks (61%), without observing a recurrence or hypoglycemia. HbA1c levels were also decreased by 50% in the participants with reduced indicators (FBG, insulin, C-peptide, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-IR). Additionally, it is noteworthy that the levels of insulin and C-peptide were significantly reduced despite the CLM group with FBG > 110 mg/dL. No significant differences were detected in the other parameters (lipids, blood tests, and blood pressure) after 12 weeks.ConclusionThe submerged culture medium of CLM showed clinical efficacy in the improvement of FBG, insulin, C-peptide, HbAc1, and HOMA-index. The microbiome-based medium could benefit patients with T2D, FBG disorders, or pre-diabetes, which could guide a new therapeutic pathway in surging the global diabetes epidemic.
| S-EPMC10024018 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The microbial fermentation is considered as the potential source for large-scale production of paclitaxel. Since co-cultivation/mixed fermentation strategy has been reported as a yield enhancement strategy for paclitaxel production, investigation of fungal endophyte response to plant culture medium, plant cell extract (CE) and medium filtrate (MF) of plant cell suspension culture in terms of growth and paclitaxel production is interesting. In this study, 35 endophytic fungi were isolated from Taxus baccata and Corylus avellana grown in Iran. The analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry showed that one isolate (YEF2) produced paclitaxel. The isolate YEF2 was identified as Epicoccum nigrum by sequencing of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA region and actin gene. YEF2 was slow-growing in Murashige and Skoog medium, but the synergistic interaction of gibberellic acid (GA3) and CE of C. avellana enhanced the growth of YEF2. The highest total yield of paclitaxel (314.7 µg/l; 11.5-folds) of E. nigrum strain YEF2 was obtained by using 28% (v/v) filter sterilized CE of C. avellana and 2 µg ml-1 GA3 that was significantly higher than the control. In this study, the effects of the plant cell extract on growth and paclitaxel production of paclitaxel producing endophytic fungus were studied for the first time.
| S-EPMC6089963 | biostudies-literature