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Dietary ?-3 fatty acid and fish intake and incident age-related macular degeneration in women.

ABSTRACT: To examine whether intake of ?-3 fatty acids and fish affects incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in women.A detailed food-frequency questionnaire was administered at baseline among 39 876 female health professionals (mean [SD] age: 54.6 [7.0] years). A total of 38 022 women completed the questionnaire and were free of a diagnosis of AMD. The main outcome measure was incident AMD responsible for a reduction in best-corrected visual acuity to 20/30 or worse based on self-report confirmed by medical record review.A total of 235 cases of AMD, most characterized by some combination of drusen and retinal pigment epithelial changes, were confirmed during an average of 10 years of follow-up. Women in the highest tertile of intake for docosahexaenoic acid, compared with those in the lowest, had a multivariate-adjusted relative risk of AMD of 0.62 (95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.87). For eicosapentaenoic acid, women in the highest tertile of intake had a relative risk of 0.66 (95% confidence interval, 0.48-0.92). Consistent with the findings for docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, women who consumed 1 or more servings of fish per week, compared with those who consumed less than 1 serving per month, had a relative risk of AMD of 0.58 (95% confidence interval, 0.38-0.87).These prospective data from a large cohort of female health professionals without a diagnosis of AMD at baseline indicate that regular consumption of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid and fish was associated with a significantly decreased risk of incident AMD and may be of benefit in primary prevention of AMD.

SUBMITTER: Christen WG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3134638 | biostudies-other | 2011 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Dietary ω-3 fatty acid and fish intake and incident age-related macular degeneration in women.

Christen William G WG Schaumberg Debra A DA Glynn Robert J RJ Buring Julie E JE

Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 20110314 7

<h4>Objective</h4>To examine whether intake of ω-3 fatty acids and fish affects incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in women.<h4>Design</h4>A detailed food-frequency questionnaire was administered at baseline among 39 876 female health professionals (mean [SD] age: 54.6 [7.0] years). A total of 38 022 women completed the questionnaire and were free of a diagnosis of AMD. The main outcome measure was incident AMD responsible for a reduction in best-corrected visual acuity to 20/30 ...[more]

PMID: 21402976

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Project description:Importance:Previous studies of the role of dietary and supplementary calcium in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have produced mixed results, suggesting that supplementation and decreased dietary intake are both harmful. Objective:To evaluate the association of baseline dietary and supplementary calcium intake with progression of AMD. Design, Setting, and Participants:This study involved secondary analyses of participants enrolled in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS). The AREDS study (1992-2001) enrolled patients from academic and community-based retinal practices in the United States. Men and women with varying severity of AMD were included. Data analysis for this article occurred from September 2015 to December 2018. Exposures:Baseline self-reported dietary or supplementary calcium intake. Main Outcomes and Measures:Development of late AMD, geographic atrophy (central or noncentral), or neovascular AMD detected on centrally graded baseline and annual fundus photographs. Results:A total of 4751 participants were included (mean [SD] age, 69.4 [5.1] years); 4543 (95.6%) were white, and 2655 (55.9%) were female. Compared with those who were in the lowest quintile, the participants in the highest quintile of dietary calcium intake had a lower risk of developing late AMD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.73 [95% CI, 0.59-0.90]), central geographic atrophy (HR, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.48-0.86]), and any geographic atrophy (HR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.64-1.00]). The participants in the highest tertile of supplementary calcium intake had a lower risk of developing neovascular AMD (HR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.50-0.97]) compared with those who did not take calcium supplements. When stratified by sex, women in the highest quintile of dietary calcium intake had a lower risk of developing late AMD (HR, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.56-0.97]) compared with those in the lowest quintile. Women in the highest tertile of calcium supplementation had a lower risk of progression to neovascular AMD (HR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.48-0.94]) compared with those who did not take calcium supplements. Similar findings were found in men for dietary calcium. Too few men took calcium supplements to allow for analyses. Conclusions and Relevance:In this secondary analysis, higher levels of dietary and supplementary calcium intake were associated with lower incidence of progression to late AMD in AREDS participants. The results may be owing to uncontrolled confounding or chance and should be considered hypothesis development requiring additional study.

Dataset Information

Dietary ?-3 fatty acid and fish intake and incident age-related macular degeneration in women.

Publications

Dietary ω-3 fatty acid and fish intake and incident age-related macular degeneration in women.

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