Regulation and function of innate and adaptive interleukin-17-producing cells.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Hirota K
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3271338 | biostudies-other | 2012 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:Background & aimsSubsets of leukocytes synergize with regenerative growth factors to promote hepatic regeneration. γδT cells are early responders to inflammation-induced injury in a number of contexts. We investigated the role of γδT cells in hepatic regeneration using mice with disruptions in Tcrd (encodes the T-cell receptor δ chain) and Clec7a (encodes C-type lectin domain family 7 member a, also known as DECTIN1).MethodsWe performed partial hepatectomies on wild-type C57BL/6, CD45.1, Tcrd(-/-), or Clec7a(-/-) mice. Cells were isolated from livers of patients and mice via mechanical and enzymatic digestion. γδT cells were purified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting.ResultsIn mice, partial hepatectomy up-regulated expression of CCL20 and ligands of Dectin-1, which was associated with recruitment and activation of γδT cells and their increased production of interleukin (IL)-17 family cytokines. Recruited γδT cells induced production of IL-6 by antigen-presenting cells and suppressed expression of interferon gamma by natural killer T cells, promoting hepatocyte proliferation. Absence of IL-17-producing γδT cells or deletion of Dectin-1 prevented development of regenerative phenotypes in subsets of innate immune cells. This slowed liver regeneration and was associated with reduced expression of regenerative growth factors and cell cycle regulators. Conversely, exogenous administration of IL-17 family cytokines or Dectin-1 ligands promoted regeneration. More broadly, we found that γδT cells are required for inflammatory responses mediated by IL-17 and Dectin-1.ConclusionsγδT cells regulate hepatic regeneration by producing IL-22 and IL-17, which have direct mitogenic effects on hepatocytes and promote a regenerative phenotype in hepatic leukocytes, respectively. Dectin-1 ligation is required for γδT cells to promote hepatic regeneration.
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Project description:T cells that encounter cultured ocular pigment epithelial cells in vitro are inhibited from undergoing T cell receptor-triggered activation. Because retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are able to suppress T-cell activation, we studied whether RPE cells could suppress cytokine production by activated T helper (Th) cells. In this study we showed that primary cultured RPE cells greatly suppressed activation of bystander CD4+ T cells in vitro, especially the cytokine production by the target T helper cells (Th1 cells, Th2 cells, Th17 cells, but not Th3 cells). Cultured RPE cells and RPE-supernatants significantly suppressed IL-17 producing CD4+ T cells, and RPE cells fully suppressed polarized Th17 cell lines that induced by recombinant proteins, IL-6 and TGFb2. Moreover, RPE cells failed to suppress IL-17 producing T cells in the presence of rIL-6. In addition, Th17 cells exposed to RPE were suppressed via TGFb, which produce RPE cells. These results indicate that retinal PE cells have immunosuppressive capacity in order to inhibit Th17-type effector T cells. Thus, ocular resident cells play a role in establishing immune regulation in the eye. Retinal pigment epithelium suppresses Th17 cells
2012-07-11 | E-GEOD-22877 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:T cells that encounter cultured ocular pigment epithelial cells in vitro are inhibited from undergoing T cell receptor-triggered activation. Because retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are able to suppress T-cell activation, we studied whether RPE cells could suppress cytokine production by activated T helper (Th) cells. In this study we showed that primary cultured RPE cells greatly suppressed activation of bystander CD4+ T cells in vitro, especially the cytokine production by the target T helper cells (Th1 cells, Th2 cells, Th17 cells, but not Th3 cells). Cultured RPE cells and RPE-supernatants significantly suppressed IL-17 producing CD4+ T cells, and RPE cells fully suppressed polarized Th17 cell lines that induced by recombinant proteins, IL-6 and TGFb2. Moreover, RPE cells failed to suppress IL-17 producing T cells in the presence of rIL-6. In addition, Th17 cells exposed to RPE were suppressed via TGFb, which produce RPE cells. These results indicate that retinal PE cells have immunosuppressive capacity in order to inhibit Th17-type effector T cells. Thus, ocular resident cells play a role in establishing immune regulation in the eye.
2012-07-12 | GSE22877 | GEO
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