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The vitamin E isoforms ?-tocopherol and ?-tocopherol have opposite associations with spirometric parameters: the CARDIA study.

ABSTRACT: Clinical studies of the associations of vitamin E with lung function have reported conflicting results. However, these reports primarily examine the ?-tocopherol isoform of vitamin E and have not included the isoform ?-tocopherol which we recently demonstrated in vitro opposes the function of ?-tocopherol. We previously demonstrated, in vitro and in animal studies, that the vitamin E isoform ?-tocopherol protects, but the isoform ?-tocopherol promotes lung inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness.To translate these findings to humans, we conducted analysis of 4526 adults in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) multi-center cohort with available spirometry and tocopherol data in blacks and whites. Spirometry was obtained at years 0, 5, 10, and 20 and serum tocopherol was from years 0, 7 and 15 of CARDIA.In cross-sectional regression analysis at year 0, higher ?-tocopherol associated with lower FEV1 (p = 0.03 in blacks and p = 0.01 in all participants) and FVC (p = 0.01 in blacks, p = 0.05 in whites, and p = 0.005 in all participants), whereas higher ?-tocopherol associated with higher FVC (p = 0.04 in blacks and whites and p = 0.01 in all participants). In the lowest quartile of ?-tocopherol, higher ?-tocopherol associated with a lower FEV1 (p = 0.05 in blacks and p = 0.02 in all participants). In contrast, in the lowest quartile of ?-tocopherol, higher ?-tocopherol associated with a higher FEV1 (p = 0.03) in blacks. Serum ?-tocopherol >10 ?M was associated with a 175-545 ml lower FEV1 and FVC at ages 21-55 years.Increasing serum concentrations of ?-tocopherol were associated with lower FEV1 or FVC, whereas increasing serum concentrations of ?-tocopherol was associated with higher FEV1 or FVC. Based on the prevalence of serum ?-tocopherol >10 ?M in adults in CARDIA and the adult U.S. population in the 2011 census, we expect that the lower FEV1 and FVC at these concentrations of serum ?-tocopherol occur in up to 4.5 million adults in the population.

SUBMITTER: Marchese ME

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4003816 | biostudies-other | 2014 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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The vitamin E isoforms α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol have opposite associations with spirometric parameters: the CARDIA study.

Marchese Michelle E ME Kumar Rajesh R Colangelo Laura A LA Avila Pedro C PC Jacobs David R DR Gross Myron M Sood Akshay A Liu Kiang K Cook-Mills Joan M JM

Respiratory research 20140315

<h4>Background</h4>Clinical studies of the associations of vitamin E with lung function have reported conflicting results. However, these reports primarily examine the α-tocopherol isoform of vitamin E and have not included the isoform γ-tocopherol which we recently demonstrated in vitro opposes the function of α-tocopherol. We previously demonstrated, in vitro and in animal studies, that the vitamin E isoform α-tocopherol protects, but the isoform γ-tocopherol promotes lung inflammation and air ...[more]

PMID: 24629024

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Project description:BackgroundSmoke-free legislation has been associated with lower rates of cardiovascular disease hospital admissions in ecological studies. However, prior studies lacked detailed information on individual-level factors (eg, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics) that could potentially confound associations. Our objective was to estimate associations of smoke-free policies with incident cardiovascular disease in a longitudinal cohort after controlling for sociodemographics, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and policy covariates.MethodsLongitudinal data from 3783 black and white adults in the CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults; 1995-2015) were linked to state, county, and local 100% smoke-free policies in bars, restaurants, and nonhospitality workplaces by Census tract. Extended Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of incident cardiovascular disease associated with time-dependent smoke-free policy exposures. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, cardiovascular disease risk factors, state cigarette tax, participant-reported presence of a smoking ban at their workplace, field center, and metropolitan statistical area poverty.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 20 years (68 332 total person-years), 172 participants had an incident cardiovascular disease event (2.5 per 1000 person-years). Over the follow-up period, 80% of participants lived in areas with smoke-free policies in restaurants, 67% in bars, and 65% in nonhospitality workplaces. In fully adjusted models, participants living in an area with a restaurant, bar, or workplace smoke-free policy had a lower risk of incident cardiovascular disease compared with those in areas without smoke-free policies (HR, 0.75, 95% confidence interval, 0.49-1.15; HR, 0.76, 95% confidence interval, 0.47-1.24; HR, 0.54, 95% confidence interval, 0.34-0.86, respectively; HR, 0.58, 95% confidence interval, 0.33-1.00 for living in an area with all 3 types of policies compared with none). The estimated preventive fraction was 25% for restaurant policies, 24% for bar policies, and 46% for workplace policies.ConclusionsConsistent with prior ecological studies, these individual-based data add to the evidence that 100% smoke-free policies are associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease among middle-aged adults.

Dataset Information

The vitamin E isoforms ?-tocopherol and ?-tocopherol have opposite associations with spirometric parameters: the CARDIA study.

Publications

The vitamin E isoforms α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol have opposite associations with spirometric parameters: the CARDIA study.

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